Restaurants, bars and clubs of Tashkent
Restaurant “Padishah”
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Restaurant «Padishah» is one of the brightest sights of Tashkent city, invites you to plunge into the refined interior with elements of Eastern exotic!!! You can taste Indian dishes, prepared by professional cooks of European , National and Indian cuisine. Work `s length of our cooks is more than 5 years. Every evening restaurant «Padishah» is bright and unforgettable! Exclusive theatre of modern dances You will be surprised with the graceful show - program! Your rest will be accompanied with alive saloon music! |
Restaurant “Majeur”
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Type: restaurant Kitchen: Indian, European and Russian kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business lunch, Business meetings, Birthdays, Breakfasts and dinners, Corporate parties, Late supper, Presentations, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table Credit cards: Master Card, Visa Business hours: Daily, round the clock Hall 1: 200 places Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Desserts and cakes, Meat menu. Realization of banquets Music: background Parking: Is Interior in the European style. Aquariums with unique fishes. |
Restaurant “Bahor”
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Type: a banquet hall, Restaurant, Elite restaurant Kitchen: the Arabian kitchen, European kitchen, Indian kitchen, Italian kitchen, Chinese kitchen, Sea kitchen, National kitchen, Russian kitchen, Fish kitchen Mixed kitchen, Mediterranean kitchen, Turkish kitchen, Uzbek kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Visitors of capital, Business meetings, Corporate parties, Dinners, Late supper, Presentations, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table The address:. Tashkent, street Axunbabayev, 8 Bodies: (+99871) 233-54-20, (+99890) 185-35-76 Bodies for the orders: (+99890) 185-35-76 Fax: (+99871) 233-72-63 Business hours: 12.00 - 24.00 Quantity(amount) of halls: 1 1 hall: 220 places Realization of banquets: the service in complex realization of measures is given Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Meat menu, Having poured wine, Having poured beer, Fish menu Music: a jazz, Alive, Classical, Violin, Show - ballet Parking: free-of-charge, protected on 20 machines Input(entrance): Face control The restaurant "«Bahor" has honour to offer you to lead(carry out) evening in unforgettable conditions. |
Restaurant "Sim Sim"
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Type: cafe, Restaurant Kitchen: the European kitchen, Uzbek kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business meetings, Breakfasts and dinners, Corporate parties, Late supper, Presentations, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table The address:. Tashkent, street Mukimi, 15 Bodies: (+99871) 253-54-34 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 253-54-34 E-mail: info@bek-restaurants.com Business hours: 10.00-23.00 1 hall: 180 places 2 halls: 100 places Болохона-penthouse: 80 places Night bar: 150 places Buffet table, coffee - брейк, banquet, corporate feed(meal) Other offers: desserts and cakes, Wine list, chargrill, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Having poured beer, Fish menu Music: east, Alive, Classical, National Features: a VIP-hall, VIP-cabin, Qalyan, Years(summer) veranda Parking: is The combination creates east and western of styles in interiors illusion of dialogue of cultures. Court yard in east style with two floors. Others 15 cabins 6 local. The registration of cabins differs by originality and novelty. There is a болохона-penthouse on 80 landing places and 3 Uzbek beds. The restaurant reminds the house of the hospitable owner. The unique night bar with mode of operations from " from fold up to dawn " includes 150 landing places. The bar is made out by lighting devices and disco. |
Cafe “Nur”
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Type: a banquet hall, Cafe Kitchen: the European kitchen, Uzbek kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business meetings, Corporate parties, Dinners, Late supper, Presentations, Realization гапа, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table The address:. Tashkent, street Asomova, д.59 Bodies: (+99871) 242-17-52 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 242-17-52 E-mail: info@bek-restaurants.com Business hours: 10.00-23.00 1 hall: 60 places VIP a hall: 25 places Years(summer) platform: 500 places General(common) number of places: 600 Other offers: the meat menu, Realization of banquets, Having poured beer Music: East, Disko, Alive, Classical, National Features: a VIP-hall, VIP-cabin, Qalyan, Years(summer) veranda, Fountain Clothes: Anyone, except for sports Parking: free-of-charge For business meetings the restaurant "Nur" has small, as against other restaurants of a network, « the European hall », where you can discuss business matters, and as have a dinner in a narrow circle invited. Soft, pleasant illumination, quiet music harmoniously supplement conditions of comfort by sensation of heat and do(make) this hall so attractive to those who wishes to lead(carry out) evening with beloved or friends. Necessarily try a clipping, baked in cream with mushrooms and cheese, juicy mutton with vegetables or chicken fillet «on "- венски". However, in "«Nur" can execute any whim: you see here there is everything, that is accessible to your imagination |
Restaurant "Admiral"
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Type: restaurant Kitchen: the European kitchen, Italian kitchen, Sea kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business meetings, Corporate parties, Late supper, Presentations, Romantic appointments, Family rest The address: Tashkent, prospectus of Friendship of the peoples, 13 Phone: (+99890) 315-55-75, 108-25-35-2 Bodies for the orders: (+99890) 315-55-75-5 E-mail: info@admiral.uz Business hours: 12.00-24.00 Is free-of-charge given Wi-Fi from " Sharq Telecom " From distant sea wanderings we have collected most rare, refined and original recipes of dishes of East and West, Old and New Light, northern and southern peoples of the World. We invite you in unforgettable travel on boundless open spaces world of culture in an atmosphere of comfort and first class service of interior of the ocean liner. |
Restaurant "Akter"
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Type: restaurant Kitchen: author's kitchen, Azerbaijan kitchen, European kitchen, Fish kitchen Mixed kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business lunch, Business meetings, Birthdays, Dinners, Romantic appointments, Family rest. The address:. Tashkent, street Navoi, 34 Checkpoint: a circus, theatre Xamza Phone: (+99871) 244-21-29, (+99890) 318-68-39 Business hours: 11.30-23.00 Other offers: vegetarian dishes, griddle, Order of meal for the house and in office, chargrill, Meat menu, Meat on coal, Realization of banquets, Having poured wine, Fish menu Music: alive, Background Clothes: Anyone, except for sports Parking: Is Elite the Azerbaijan restaurant invites you to lead (carry out) unforgettable rest-hours in an atmosphere of a cosiness and comfort. |
Restaurant "Emir"
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Type: restaurant Kitchen: the European kitchen, National kitchen The address:. Tashkent, street Arsanay, 7/1 Bodies: (+99871) 280-57-58, (+99897) 331-97-07, 302-73-83 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 280-57-58, (+99897) 331-97-07, 706-27-72 Business hours: from 11.00 up to last client Quantity(amount) of halls: 1 1: 250 places Other offers: realization of banquets Music: alive, Saxophone, Violin, Show - ballet Here you expects: - Show ballet; - Alive music; - Evening with stars; - Good kitchen; - Surprises; - Pleasant rest; - Night club - Bar from 10.00. The entertaining show - program with participation of stars in a circle of the friends. Bodies: (+99871) 237-35-45, 433-00-40 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 237-35-45, 433-00-40 E-mail: info@dar.uz Web-site: www.dar.uz Business hours: 13.00 - 24.00 1 - banquet years(summer) platform: 60 places 2 - children's: 15 places 3 - coffee: 40 places The basic platform: 130 places Other offers: business lunch, Vegetarian dishes, Desserts and cakes, Order of meal for the house and in office, Wine list, Cocktails, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Professional coffee, Having poured beer, Fish menu, Bakery Music: DJ, Spanish Features: Qalyan, Years(summer) veranda, Telescreen (home cinema), Fountain Clothes: anyone, except for sports Parking: is Input(entrance): dress code |
Cafe, Night Club, Restaurant - bar"Al-Qasr"
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Type: Coffee, Night club, Restaurant - bar - banquet hall, Elite restaurant Kitchen: Fast - food, Arabian kitchen, East kitchen, European kitchen, Fish kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Final evenings, Visitors of capital, Business lunch, Business meetings, Children's holidays, Birthdays, Corporate parties, Dinners, Late supper, Presentations, Realization, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Creative evenings, Buffet table Credit cards: Master Card, Visa, Asaka bank, National. bank, Turon bank The address:. Tashkent, street Babur, 83 Bodies: (+99871) 2814477, (+99893) 184-00-77 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 2814477, (+99893) 184-00-77 E-mail: info@alqasr.uz Web-site: www.alqasr.uz Business hours: from 12.00 up to last client Quantity(amount) of halls: 2 1 hall: 80 places 2 halls: 70 places General(common) number of places: 150 The Arabian dishes to order: the whole ram on 40 men Business lunch: from 12.00 - 17.00; from 6 $ up to 7 $ Desserts and cakes: the Arabian sweetness Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Order of meal for the house and in office, Cocktails, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Professional coffee, Having poured wine, Having poured beer, Fish menu Music: DJ, East, Disco, Alive, Classical, Club youth, Background, Chanson, Show - ballet Features: VIP-cabins, Qalyan, Years(summer) veranda, Telescreen (home cinema) Clothes: Anyone, except for sports Parking: free-of-charge parking |
Banquet hall, Restaurant "Pirosmani"
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Type: a banquet hall, Restaurant Kitchen: the Georgian kitchen, Home, Caucasian kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business lunch, Business meetings, Breakfasts and dinners, Corporate parties, Late supper, Presentations, Realization , Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table Average cost of the account in the afternoon: 10 000,00 Average cost of the account in the evening: 20 000,00 The discounts: It are given to the constant visitors Credit cards: Master Card, Visa, Asaka bank, National bank The address:. Tashkent, street Uzbekistan, 98 Bodies: (+99871) 227-06-06, 227-04-04 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 227-06-06 Fax: (+99871) 150-99-94 E-mail: info@caravangroup.uz Web-site: pirosmani.uz Business hours: 10.00-24.00 Quantity(amount) of halls: 1 1 hall: 200 places Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Desserts and cakes, Order of meal for the house and in office, Wine list, Cocktails, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Professional coffee, Having poured wine, Having poured beer, Fish menu, Tandir Music: alive, Background Features: VIP-cabins, Qalyan Clothes: Anyone, except for sports Parking: Is Input(entrance): Face control, bag control |
Banquet hall, Entertaining complex, Restaurant "Gusto Garden Bar"
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Tashkent Banquet hall, Entertaining complex, Restaurant "Gusto Garden Bar" Type: a banquet hall, Bar, Entertaining complex, Restaurant Kitchen: Fast - Food, Author's kitchen, European kitchen, Sea kitchen, Russian kitchen Mixed kitchen, Mediterranean kitchen, Turkish kitchen, Uzbek kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Visitors of capital, Business meetings, Corporate parties, Late supper, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Buffet table Credit cards: American Express, Master Card, Visa The address:. Tashkent, street Amir Temur, hotel Dedeman Bodies: (+99871) 120-37-00 (internal. 36) Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 120-37-00 (internal. 30) E-mail: reservation@dedemansilkroadtashkent.com Business hours: 18.00-23.30, daily Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Desserts and cakes, Wine list, Cocktails, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Professional coffee, Having poured wine, Having poured beer, Fish menu Music: DJ, Disko, Background Features: years(summer) veranda Years (summer) pool and bar were open in 2005, having received the name Garden Bar, and from the very beginning of the work it(he) (Garden Bar) has got a plenty of the constant clients. This year in territory of a garden the years (summer) restaurant was constructed and all complex was renamed in Gusto Garden. Gusto in translation with English. Means, - eaning(importance), which emphasizes the special colour this resort island. on June 15 the closed party devoted to opening was carried out(spent). There were many visitors for a long time becoming the friends of hotel Dedeman. The uniqueness Gusto Garden consists that in it(him) the rich spectrum of the offers for the visitors is assembled. The impression of rest in any resort country is created. You see it both open swimming pool, and small pool for children, both children's platform, and bar and restaurant. Drinks, exotic cocktails, alive music, dessert menu, wide choice of ice-cream. The restaurant begins to work after 6 evenings and till 00:00. Annually with opening of a years(summer) season many companies will carry out(spend) in a years(summer) garden corporate measures and thematic parties. 1. Basic distinctive feature - Slogan - resort in Tashkent 2. Large spectrum of services 3. Easy service 4. Day bathing, evening restaurant 5. Children's platform 6. Fashionable all over the world parties at pool - Snacks - Aperitifs and cocktails - Rich menu - Music. |
Banquet hall, Entertaining complex, Restaurant "Oazis Asaka"
Type: a banquet hall, Bar, Entertaining complex, Restaurant, Restaurant - bar, Smorgasbord Kitchen: author's kitchen, Home, European kitchen, Italian kitchen, Caucasian kitchen, Chinese kitchen, Korean kitchen, Sea kitchen, Russian kitchen Mixed kitchen, Uzbek kitchen, French kitchen Ideal place for: of Banquets, Meetings with the friends, Final evenings, Visitors of capital, Business lunch, Business meetings, Children's holidays, Birthdays, Breakfasts and dinners, Conference, Corporate parties, Dinners, Osh, Late supper, Presentations, Viewing of sports transfers, Romantic appointments, Weddings, Family rest, Seminars, Creative evenings, Buffet table The address:. Tashkent, street Fargona Yoli, 23 Bodies: (+99871) 299-56-11 Bodies for the orders: (+99871) 299-56-11, 447- 98- 57 E-mail: Dar16@list.ru Business hours:, from 7.00 Hall - 1: 50 places Other offers: vegetarian dishes, Desserts and cakes, Meat menu, Realization of banquets, Having poured beer, Fish menu Music: East, Jazz, Disko, Alive, Classical, Uzbek tool, Background |
Tashkent Chinese Restaurants
Restaurant "China Town"
Address: Fargona Str., 44, Mirobad diStrict, Tashkent
Tel: (99890) 187-50-77
Restaurant "China"
Address: Turkiston Str., 2a, Tashkent
Тел:(99871) 256-81-31, 252-65-60
Restaurant "Drujba"
Address: Oybek Str., Mirobad diStrict, Tashkent
Tel: (99871) 252-78-21
Restaurant "Huang Fu"
Address: Farhad Str., 21a, Chilanzar diStrict, Tashkent
Tel:(99871) 276-91-88
Restaurant "Kharbin"
Address: 14а, Fyodorov Str., Tashkent
Reference point: "Minor" metro station, Financial institute
Tel: (+998 97) 423-30-40, (+998 97) 703-30-40
Restaurant "Tyan Gin"
Address: Nukus Str., 21, Mirobad diStrict, Tashkent
Tel:(99871) 299-70-98
Restaurant "Yongnuo"
Address: Erkin Maraimov Str., 19a, Mirzo-Ulugbek diStrict, Tashkent
Tel:(99871) 268-11-69
Tashkent Korean Restaurants
Restaurant "Nam Dae Mun"
Аdress: Bukhara Str., 24, Tashkent
Тel: (99871) 232-01- 05, 232- 01- 07
Restaurant "Chen-Son"
Address: Fargona Yuli Str., 4, Tashkent
Tel:(99871) 292-33-63 / 326-60-35
Restaurant "Han-Kuk-Khvan"
Address:Yusuf Khos Khodjib Str.,1, Tashkent
Тel: (99871) 256-33-07
Samarkand
Restaurant “Afrodita”
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Location: 4, Orzu Makhmudova Str., Samarkand Cuisine: European Rates: Standard Lunch - 5 US$ Standard Dinner - 10 US$ Contacts: Tel.: (998 66) 33 58 70 |
Teahouse-cafe "Oriental sweets"
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The assortment of oriental sweets is very various, and technologies of their preparation are rather different from technologies of usual confectionery products. Depending on a way of the preparation, used ingredients and flavouring properties, oriental sweets can be divided into three basic groups: Flour oriental sweets, such as: liquid halvah "halvaytar", figured pastry "kush-tili", nutlets in sugar "chak-chak", flacky round cake "katlama", rich ball "bugursak"; Oriental sweets like soft bonbon, like "behi-dulma" – quince stuffed with nuts, halva, pattys) Oriental sweets of caramel type, such as: sintered sugar "novat", candyfloss from caramel "pashmak", a kiss "nisholda", kandolat, parvarda. All this you can try to prepare and taste your own creation over a cup of aromatic tea or exquisite coffee at our hospitable cafe-teahouse "Oriental Sweets ". We invite our guests to visit this amazing world of "Oriental sweets" at any time! |
Restaurant “Astoria”
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Astoria 14, Amir Temur str, Samarkand This restaurant offers European cousine, great assortment of oriental dishes, national dishes and so on. Tips are not a widely accepted tradition in Uzbekistan. However if businesspersons like the food and service, tips maybe appropriate, although service gharges will usually be added to the bill. |
Restaurant “Paradise Land, Art-Show Club”
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The cuisine of "Paradise Land, Art-Show Club " deserves mention. Traditional Eastern dishes are prepared in a "celebratory" manner. The chefs are ready to offer you sumptuous dishes of Asian and European cuisine which will not soon be forgotten. Certainly, wine plays an important part in any great dining experience. We are proud to serve wines from the "BAGIZAGAN" winery: "Bagizagan", "Rkacitelli", "Emanuella", "Esmiralda", and "Muscat". The lush and unforgettable taste of "Alyatika", " Qora Marvarid " and " 1001 night ", "Omar Khayyam" and "Mona Lisa " will stir your soul. Truly a magnificent, exotic, Eastern bouquet! Also, we have 10 dancers who perform Uzbek, Indian, Iranian, Arabian, Russian and Spanish dancing for your entertainment. |
Restaurant “Istiqlol”
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Istiqlol 157, Amir Temur str, Samarkand Exclusive dishes: Main course – Shurpa, Lagman, Mastava, homemade noodles, Guja. Second course – Plov, Manti, Shashlik, Pelmeni, Dul, Barra. Salads – French salad, fresh greens, Chakka, eggplant, olive, vinaigrette, Khe, mushroom, etc. Desert – pastries, ice cream. In spring – fruit, autumn – watermelon, melons, figs etc. Drinks – alcoholic drinks, fruit juice, soda. |
Restaurant “Zafar”
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Zafar The restaurant Zafar is a pleasure, beauty and harmony, there are the best dishes of eastern and European cookery and it is a holiday what you will want to plunge again. The restaurant offers: 500 summer and 500 winter seats More than 30 well trained waiters Live music, multicolor fountains Open-air cage with exotic animals professional cooks European and national cuisine Wide assortment of spirits and beverages Free, guarded parking |
Restaurant “Karim Bek”
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Karim Bek You have the opportunity to taste an enormous selection of our famous shashlik. Also, our chef is ready to offer you masterpieces of European cuisine and exclusive dishes, such as a delicate chicken fillet stuffed with mushrooms, and baked mutton loin. |
Restaurants in Bukhara
Restaurant in old medresse Nodir Devon-Beghi
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Guests and tourists are offered an Uzbek dinner, consisting of Uzbek dishes such as plov, dimlama, mastova, and manti. All dishes are very delicious and fresh. They are offered to guests straight off the fire, and of course you will be treated to Oriental sweets and Oriental hospitality. There are souvenir shops in the khurjras (cells) of the medrassah. Here you can buy unique creations of folk arts and crafts, endowed with the secrets of the ancient masters and embodying the harmony of shape, color and style. |
Restaurant “Bella Italia”
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Waiters who have received special training at a tourism college, and chefs who have completed training with European specialists of Italian Cuisine serve our guests. In addition to traditional Italian dishes like Pizza, Spaghetti and Risotto, they can prepare Lasagna, special Picasa Milanese and other Italian dishes at your order. Moreover, the restaurant offers a large assortment of national dishes ranging from soups to beef, pork and chicken barbeque. You can obtain souvenirs, electronics and clothes in the shops built around the restaurant. The exchange, air and railway ticket offices are located close by as well. |
Restaurant “Caravan”
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Caravan Bukhara Restaurant Location: 12, Mukhamad Ikbol Str.,
Reference point: at 500 m from Hotel Semurg-Bukhara. Show: dances of the peoples of the world. Price Contract. Cuisine: European, Uighur. The menu includes: first courses; second courses; snacks; salads; Caucasian barbecues; dessert; soft drinks; coffee; fresh juices; cocktails; beer. |
Restaurant “Doston House”
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Doston House Bukhara Restaurants Location: 5, K. Kalon Str., Bukhara About restaurant:Doston House is an Uzbek guesthouse situated in the Old part of Bukhara. The cordial owner of the house invites travelers and guests of Bukhara to enjoy various dishes of Uzbek cuisine cooked in the best national traditions and to be immersed in the atmosphere of an Oriental fairy tale, to the accompaniment of folk music. Uzbek melodies and traditional songs and dances will help you to understand our national culture and traditions. They mirror the life and originality of the people inhabiting the territory of Central Asia. |
Lyabi-Hauz
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Lyabi-Hauz Bukhara Restaurant Location: B. Naqshbandee Str., Bukhara city About restaurant: "Lyabi-Khauz", is a restaurant of Uzbek & European cuisine in old Bukhara, which is located in the Lyabi-Khauz complex. The architectural site on which it sits was created between the XVIth and XVIIth centuries. Close by in the complex are the Kukaldosh Mosque(1568-1597), the greatest in the city, Nodir devonbegi Mosque (1622), Khonaqo Mosque(1620) and the largest khauz of that time, known by the name Nodir Devonbegi. The Restaurant's menu includes Uzbek and European dishes. All dishes are prepared by prominent chefs and with the consideration of the wishes of our clients. Reasonable prices and high class service will make your visit to this restaurant unforgettable. |
Restaurantin Khiva
Restaurant “Parvoz” Location: Rakhimov str.
Restaurant “Zaynab” Location: Inside Ichan Kala.
Restaurant “Zaravshan” Location: 64, Tashpulatov
Restaurant “Ata Darboza Chay Khana” Location: Tinchlikstr.
Restaurant “Farrukh CHai Khana” Location: PalvonKari str.
Restaurant “Kibla Toza Bog” Location: Summer Palace of the Khan
Restaurant “Khiva” Location: Palvon Kari str.
Restaurant “Khorezm” Location: 5, Jamoat Markazi str.
Restaurant “Matrasul Murza St.” Location: Palvon Kari str.
Restaurant “Meros” Location: 57, Abdulla Boltaev str.
The Silk Road
Extending 4,000 miles, the routes enabled people to transport goods, especially luxuries such as slaves, silk, satin and other fine fabrics, musk, other perfumes, spices, medicines, jewels, glassware and even rhubarb, as well as serving as a conduit for the spread of knowledge, ideas, cultures and diseases between different parts of the world (Ancient China, Ancient India[Indus valley, now Pakistan], Asia Minor and the Mediterranean). Trade on the Silk Road was a significant factor in the development of the great civilizations of China, India, Egypt, Persia, Arabia and Rome, and in several respects helped lay the foundations for the modern world. Although the term the Silk Road implies a continuous journey, very few who traveled the route traversed it from end to end. For the most part, goods were transported by a series of agents on varying routes and were traded in the bustling mercantile markets of the oasis towns.
The central Asian sections of the trade routes were expanded around 114 BCE by the Han dynasty, largely through the missions and explorations of Zhang Qian, but earlier trade routes across the continents already existed. In the late Middle Ages, transcontinental trade over the land routes of the Silk Road declined as sea trade increased. Though silk was certainly the major trade item from China, many other products were traded, and various technologies, religions and philosophies as well as the bubonic plague (the so-called 'Black Death') also traveled along the Silk Routes. India played a vital role in the trade, being virtually by the center of the route as well as having unique products such as spices, precious stones, and hand-crafted goods.
The northern route started at Chang'an (now called Xi'an), the capital of the ancient Chinese Kingdom, which, in the Later Han, was moved further east to Luoyang. The route was defined about the 1st Century BCE as Han Wudi put an end to harassment by nomadic tribes.
The route travels northwest through the Chinese province of Gansu from Shaanxi Province, and splits into three further routes, two of them following the mountain ranges to the north and south of the Taklimakan Desert to rejoin at Kashgar; and the other going north of the Tian Shan mountains through Turpan, Talgar and Almaty (in what is now southeast Kazakhstan). The routes split west of Kashgar with one branch heading down the Alai Valley towards Termez and Balkh, while the other traveled through Kokand in the Fergana Valley, and then west across the Karakum Desert towards Merv, joining the southern route briefly.
One of the branch routes turned northwest to the north of the Aral and Caspian seas then and on to the Black Sea. Yet another route started at Xi'an, passed through the Western corridor beyond the Yellow Rivers, Xinjiang, Fergana (in present-day eastern Uzbekistan), Persia and Iraq before joining the western boundary of the Roman Empire. A route for caravans, the northern Silk Road brought to China many goods such as "dates, saffron powder and pistachio nuts from Persia; frankincense, aloes and myrrh from Somalia; sandalwood from India; glass bottles from Egypt, and other expensive and desirable goods from other parts of the world." In exchange, the caravans sent back bolts of silk brocade, lacquer ware and porcelain.
The southern route is mainly a single route running from China, through Karakoram. Here it is nowadays the international paved road connecting Pakistan and China as the Karakoram Highway. It then continues to Turkestan–Khorasan region, Mesopotamia, and into Anatolia, with southward spurs enabling the journey to be completed by sea from various points. It starts out southwards in China. Crossing the high mountains, then it passes through northern Pakistan, over the Hindu Kush Mountains, and into Afghanistan, rejoining the northern route briefly near Merv. From there it follows a nearly straight line west through mountainous northern Iran and the northern tip of the Syrian Desert to the Levant, where Mediterranean trading ships plied regular routes to Italy, and land routes went either north through Anatolia or south to North Africa.
Maritime routes
The Silk Road extends from Guangzhou, located in southern China, to present day Brunei, Myanmar (Burma) Thailand, Malacca, Ceylon, India, Pakistan, the Philippines, Iran and Iraq. In Europe it extends from Israel, Lebanon (Collectively, the Levant), Egypt, and Italy (historically, Venice) in the Mediterranean Sea to other European ports or caravan routes such as the great Hanseatic League fairs via the Spanish road and other Alpine routes. This water route in some sources is called the Indian Ocean Maritime System.
The name "Great Silk Road" is associated with silk - then rather valuable article of trade, which introduced the East to the West. It is believed that the secret of silk manufacture was discovered almost five thousand years ago.
The growth of scientific and public interest towards the Great Silk Road, its significance and its role in the development of world's civilization is not accidental, as this notion is much broader than just "a caravan road". Researchers believe that it is because of the propagation of spirituals values, scientific and technological knowledge, religious and cultural beliefs that numerous big market towns sprung along all the routes of the Great Silk Road. The Great Silk Road had a considerable impact on the formation of political, economic and cultural order of the countries located along these routes. Time and again this region underwent predatory and internal wars; powerful and small states appeared and collapsed; former capitals gave way to new ones.
Today people of many countries seek after learning the roots of their history, after realizing the background of spirituality and their national belonging to the world's culture. Such an opportunity has appeared after there was reached the decision on revival of Great Silk Road as the most important channel of profound international cooperation in such areas as diplomacy, culture, science, trade and tourism. This decision was taken in 1993 at the U.N.O. General Assembly held in Indonesia.
The World Community attributes great importance to this process. In 1988 UNESCO started to implement the project intended for 10 years: "Integrated research of the Great Silk Road - the route of dialogue". The project comprised the activities aimed at full-scale thorough study of the ancient route history, establishment and development of close cultural contacts between the East and the West, cementing of the relationship between the nations of Euro-Asian continent. The implementation of the project appeared to be such a success that there was taken the decision to keep on with the project. At present the cumulative data form the basis for further more specific cooperation on restoration and conservation of the unique monuments of Silk Road region that are included into the UNESCO World's Heritage List. Many of these monuments are located in the countries of Central Asia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia and Iran.
But majority of these architectural attractions can be found on the territory of modern Uzbekistan. Such monuments as Ichan-kola ensemble in Khiva, historical monuments of ancient Bukhara, Samarkand, Shakhrisabz, have acquired worldwide significance. Of high distiction too is Merv - an ancient well preserved town-oasis, located on the territory of modern Turkmenistan.
Uzbekistanrailways timetable
Last update: August 2010
International train timetable from Uzbekistan
Train № |
Destination |
Time and days |
|
Departures |
Arrivals |
||
5 |
Tashkent - Moscow |
18.50 sun. tue. fri. |
15.20 wed. fri. mon. |
6 |
Moscow - Tashkent |
23.16 wed. fri. mon. |
21.00 sat. mon. thu. |
232 |
Tashkent - Saratov |
11.10 sat. |
11.31 tue. |
231 |
Saratov - Tashkent |
4.17 wed. |
4.40 sat. |
281 |
Tashkent - Ufa |
23.25 sun. thu. |
3.15 wed. sun. |
282 |
Ufa - Tashkent |
09.38 wed. sun. |
12.45 fri. tue. |
295 |
Tashkent - Kharkov |
20.40 wed. |
3.07 sun. |
296 |
Kharkov - Tashkent |
11.52 sun. |
21.20 wed. |
485 |
Tashkent - Chelayabisk |
23.25 wed. |
11.40 sat. |
486 |
Chelayabisk - Tashkent |
23.50 sun. |
12.45 wed. |
367 |
Dushanbe - Kanibadam |
11.13 sun. thu. |
14.53 mon. fri. |
368 |
Kanibadam - Dushanbe |
12.01 thu. tue. |
17.04 wed. 17.34 fri. |
389 |
Kanibadam - Kurgan Tyube |
12.01 sat. |
18.31 sun. |
390 |
Kurgan Tyube - Kanibadam |
7.59 mon. |
14.53 tue. |
573 |
Dushanbe - Moscow |
15.15 sun. tue. fri. |
3.10 thu. sat. |
574 |
Moscow - Dushanbe |
12.08 sat. mon. |
15.30 wed. fri. |
329 |
Kulyab - Moscow |
19.54 wed. |
3.10 mon. |
330 |
Moscow - Kulyab |
12.08 thu. |
23.54 mon. |
917 |
Khujant - Saratov |
16.01 wed. mon. |
12.51 sat. thu. |
918 |
Saratov - Khujant |
15.20 sat. thu. |
16.15 tue. sun. |
Uzbekistan domestic train timetable
Train № |
Destination |
Time and days |
|
Departures |
Arrivals |
||
2 |
Tashkent - Samarkand |
7.00 mon. thu. fri. sat. sun |
10.50 mon. thu. fri. sat. sun |
1 |
Samarkand - Tashkent |
17.00 mon. thu. fri. sat. sun |
20.50 mon. thu. fri. sat. sun |
10 |
Tashkent - Bukhara |
11.35 mon. tue. wed. thu. |
8.05 mon. tue. wed. thu. |
9 |
Bukhara - Tashkent |
6.35 tue. wed. thu. fri. |
14.20 tue. wed. thu. fri. |
50 |
Tashkent - Samarkand |
19.00 every day. |
23.55 every day. |
49 |
Samarkand - Tashkent |
7.00 every day. |
10.55 every day. |
391 |
Andijan - Bukhara |
13.00 fri. |
13.00 sat. |
392 |
Bukhara - Andijan |
14.40 sat. |
14.00 sun. |
54 |
Tashkent - Kungrad |
15.40 wed. sat. |
17.25 thu. sun. |
53 |
Kungrad - Tashkent |
8.50 fri. mon. |
9.40 sat. tue. |
54 |
Tashkent - Urgench |
15.40 wed. sat. |
11.35 thu. sun. |
53 |
Urgench - Tashkent |
14.05 tue. sat. |
9.40 wed. sun. |
280 |
Tashkent - Termez |
17.25 even |
13.00 odd |
279 |
Termez - Tashkent |
14.30 odd |
9.00 even |
662 |
Tashkent - Bukhara |
20.00 Every day. |
8.00 Every day. |
661 |
Bukhara - Tashkent |
18.45 every day. |
7.00 every day. |
660 |
Tashkent - Andijan |
17.55 thu. |
9.45 fri. |
659 |
Andijan - Tashkent |
18.15 sun. |
9.10 mon. |
666 |
Tashkent - Kitab |
20.25 odd |
9.47 even |
665 |
Kitab - Tashkent |
16.25 even |
5.55 odd |
917 |
Kungrad - Beyneu |
8.50 every day. |
21.44 every day. |
918 |
Beyneu - Kungrad |
9.10 every day. |
19.05 every day. |
Timetable is subject to changes
Timetable of Uzbekistan Airways
Last update: August 2010
Flights within the CIS
Fligth number |
Aircraft |
Destination |
Day of departure from Tashkent and return flight |
Time of departure from Tashkent |
Time of arrival at point of destination |
Flight number |
Time of departure |
Time of arrival |
HY-761 |
B-757 |
ALMATY |
1,5,7 |
16.10 |
19.50 |
HY-762 |
20.50 |
20.40+1 |
HY-763 |
RJ-85 |
ALMATY |
3 |
09.00 |
12.40 |
HY-764 |
13.40 |
13.30+1 |
HY-765 |
RJ-85 |
ALMATY |
2,4 |
07.15 |
10.55 |
HY-766 |
11.55 |
11.45+1 |
HY-721 |
RJ-85 |
ASTANA |
1 |
15.35 |
19.45 |
HY-722 |
20.45 |
20.55 |
HY-723 |
RJ-85 |
ASTANA |
4 |
11.15 |
15.25 |
HY-724 |
16.25 |
16.35 |
HY-771 |
RJ-85 |
ASHGABAT |
3(4) |
22.40 |
00.50+1 |
HY-772 |
01.50 |
03.35 |
HY-755 |
RJ-85 |
BAKU |
1 |
07.00 |
10.20 |
HY-756 |
11.50 |
14.35 |
HY-757 |
RJ-85 |
BAKU |
4 |
13.05 |
16.25 |
HY-758 |
17.55 |
20.40 |
HY-775 |
RJ-85 |
BISHKEK |
1 |
13.15 |
15.40 |
HY-776 |
16.40 |
17.10 |
HY-779 |
RJ-85 |
BISHKEK |
2(3) |
17.20 |
19.45 |
HY-780 |
07.00 |
07.30 |
HY-781 |
RJ-85 |
BISHKEK |
4 |
06.10 |
08.35 |
HY-782 |
09.45 |
10.15 |
HY-265 |
TU-154 |
CHELYABINSK |
2(3) |
20.30 |
00.35+1 |
HY-676 |
03.35 |
05.20 |
HY-267 |
B-757 |
EKATERENBURG |
6 |
06.40 |
10.30 |
HY-662 |
12.30 |
14.10 |
HY-1463 HY-663 |
TU-154 |
EKATERENBURG via NAMANGAN |
6 |
07.45 |
14.30 |
HY-664 HY-1464 |
16.30 |
21.05 |
HY-649 |
B-757 |
KAZAN |
1 |
10.50 |
13.30 |
HY-650 |
15.30 |
19.50 |
HY-1415 HY-651 |
TU-154 |
KAZAN via FERGANA,SAMARKAND |
5(6) |
14.20 |
21.25 |
HY-652 HY-1416 |
22.55 |
07.45 |
HY-683 |
TU-154 |
KRASNOYARSK via ANDIJAN |
3(4) |
16.30 |
01.05+1 |
HY-684 |
03.05 |
05.55 |
HY-741 |
A-310 |
KIEV |
1 |
07.00 |
09.35 |
HY-754 |
11.05 |
17.05 |
HY-641 |
TU-154 |
KRASNODAR |
5 |
15.30 |
18.30 |
HY-642 |
20.00 |
00.35+1 |
HY-645 |
TU-154 |
MIN.VODY |
7 |
11.00 |
13.30 |
HY-646 |
16.00 |
20.05 |
HY-601 |
B-767 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
every day |
19.05 |
22.20 |
HY-602 |
00. 05 |
04.50 |
HY-603 |
B-767 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
1,6 |
10.10 |
13.25 |
HY-604 |
14.50 |
19.35 |
HY-613 |
A-310 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
2,4,5 |
07.15 |
10.30 |
HY-614 |
12.10 |
16.55 |
HY-1317 HY-605 |
B-757 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) via SAMARKAND |
2, 6 |
08.05 |
13.50 |
HY-606 HY-1318 |
15.50 |
22.55 |
HY-1337 HY-607 |
B-757 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
3,7 |
06.00 |
11.25 |
HY-608 HY-1338 |
13.30 |
20.55 |
HY-1461 HY-625 |
TU-154 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
1 |
13.25 |
21.20 |
HY-626 |
23.20 |
08.55 |
HY-627 HY-1413 |
B-757 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
7 |
15.35 |
21.20 |
HY-628 HY-1414 |
23.20 |
08.55 |
HY-1433 HY-623 |
TU-154 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
3 |
13.15 |
21.20 |
HY-624 |
23.20 |
09.15 |
HY-615 HY-1059 |
TU-154 |
MOSCOW(Domodedovo) |
6 |
15.40 |
21.20 |
HY-616 |
23.20 |
08.55 |
HY-667 |
B-757 |
NOVOSIBIRSK |
4 |
11.10 |
16.00 |
HY-668 |
18.00 |
19.05 |
HY-669 |
TU-154 |
NOVOSIBIRSK via ANDIJAN |
1 |
06.55 |
14.00 |
HY-670 |
16.00 |
19.15 |
HY-679 |
TU-154 |
OMSK via NAMANGAN |
5(6) |
18.40 |
01.55+1 |
HY-680 |
04.55 |
08.10 |
HY-637 |
RJ-85 |
ROSTOV ON DON |
5 |
14.50 |
20.00 |
HY-638 |
22.00 |
04.35 |
HY-653 |
TU-154 |
SAMARA |
4 |
10.35 |
14.00 |
HY-654 |
16.00 |
19.10 |
HY-631 |
B-757 |
St.PETERBURG |
2(3) |
18.45 |
22.50 |
HY-632 |
00.50 |
06.45 |
HY-633 |
B-767 |
St.PETERBURG |
4 |
08.40 |
12.45 |
HY-634 |
14.30 |
20.25 |
HY-635 |
B-757 |
St.PETERBURG via NAMANGAN |
5(6) |
18.05 |
01.00+1 |
HY-636 |
02.30 |
10.45 |
HY-639 |
B-757 |
St.PETERBURG |
7 |
06.25 |
13.00 |
HY-748 |
14.30 |
22.45 |
HY-657 |
TU-154 |
UFA |
2(3) |
20.35 |
01.00+1 |
HY-658 |
03.35 |
05.40 |
HY-691 |
TU-154 |
TYUMEN via ANDIJAN |
2(3) |
18.50 |
01.30+1 |
HY-692 |
03.30 |
08.10 |
timetable is subject to changes
Uzbekistan AirwaysLast update: August 2010
Domestic flights timetable
| Fligth number | Aircraft |
Destination |
Day of departure from Tashkent and return flight |
Time of departure from Tashkent |
Time of arrival at point of destination |
Flight number |
Time of departure |
Time of arrival |
HY-1421 |
YAK-40 |
ANDIJAN |
1 |
07.30 |
08.55 |
HY-1422 |
09.35 |
10.50 |
HY-1425 |
YAK-40 |
ANDIJAN |
7 |
14.00 |
15.25 |
HY-1426 |
16.05 |
17.20 |
HY-1433 |
TU-154 |
ANDIJAN |
3(4) |
13.15 |
14.20 |
HY-1434 |
08.15 |
09.15 |
HY-1321 |
IL-114 |
BUKHARA |
1,2,4,5,6 |
08.20 |
10.05 |
HY-1322 |
10.45 |
12.15 |
HY-1327 |
IL-114 |
BUKHARA |
1, 2,4,5,6 |
18.50 |
20.35 |
HY-1328 |
21.15 |
22.45 |
HY-1327 |
B- 757 |
BUKHARA |
3,7 |
06.00 |
07.05 |
HY-1328 |
19.45 |
20.55 |
HY-1401 |
YAK -40 |
FERGANA |
2,4,5 |
09.55 |
11.15 |
HY-1402 |
11.55 |
13.10 |
HY-1413 |
B-757 |
FERGANA |
7(1) |
15.35 |
16.35 |
HY-1414 |
05.35 |
06.35 |
HY-1415 |
TU-154 |
FERGANA |
5(6) |
14.20 |
15.20 |
HY-1416 |
06.45 |
07.45 |
HY-1201 |
YAK-40 |
KARSHI |
1,3,5,6,7 |
07.30 |
09.05 |
HY-1202 |
09.45 |
11.10 |
HY-1205 |
YAK-40 |
KARSHI |
2,3,4,5,6,7 |
14.30 |
16.05 |
HY-1206 |
16.15 |
17.40 |
HY-1207 |
YAK-40 |
KARSHI |
1,2,4,5,6 |
17.05 |
18.40 |
HY-1208 |
19.20 |
20.45 |
HY-1347 |
AN-24 |
NAVOI via ZARAWSHAN |
every day |
07. 00 |
10.25 |
HY-1348 |
11.05 |
12.35 |
HY -1453 |
B-757 |
NAMANGAN |
5(6) |
18.05 |
19.05 |
HY-1454 |
09.45 |
10.45 |
HY-1461 |
TU-154 |
NAMANGAN |
1(2) |
13.25 |
14.25 |
HY-1462 |
07.55 |
08.55 |
HY-1463 |
RJ-85 |
NAMANGAN |
6 |
07.45 |
08.45 |
HY-1464 |
20.05 |
21.05 |
HY-1001 |
YAK-40 |
NUKUS |
every day |
18.30 |
21.15 |
HY-1002 |
07.00 |
09.15 |
HY-1003 |
AN-24 |
NUKUS |
every day |
09.55 |
12.40 |
HY-1004 |
13.20 |
15.35 |
HY-1007 |
AN-24 |
NUKUS |
every day |
16.15 |
19.00 |
HY-1008 |
19.40 |
21.55 |
HY-1301 |
AN-24 |
SAMARKAND |
3,7(1,4) |
20.15 |
21.30 |
HY-1302 |
07.00 |
08.10 |
HY-1317 |
B-757 |
SAMARKAND |
7 |
06.25 |
07.25 |
HY-1318 |
21.55 |
22.55 |
HY-1317 |
B-757 |
SAMARKAND |
2,6 |
08.05 |
09.05 |
HY-1318 |
21.55 |
22.55 |
HY- 1151 |
YAK-40 |
TERMEZ |
every day |
09.25 |
11.25 |
HY-1152 |
12.05 |
13.50 |
HY-1153 |
IL-114 |
TERMEZ |
1,2,4,5,6 |
13.15 |
15.15 |
HY-1154 |
15.55 |
17.40 |
HY-1153 |
AN-24 |
TERMEZ |
3,7 |
14.30 |
16.30 |
HY-1154 |
17.10 |
18.55 |
HY-1157 |
YAK-40 |
TERMEZ |
every day |
20.30 |
22.30 |
HY-1158 |
07.00 |
08.45 |
HY-1051 |
RJ-85 |
URGENCH |
1,2,3,5,7 |
07.00 |
08.40 |
HY-1052 |
09.20 |
10.50 |
HY-1053 |
AN-24 |
URGENCH |
4,6 |
07.00 |
09.30 |
HY-1054 |
10.10 |
12.15 |
HY-1057 |
RJ-85 |
URGENCH |
7 |
11.30 |
14.00 |
HY-1058 |
14.40 |
16.45 |
HY-1057 |
YAK-40 |
URGENCH |
1,2,3,4,5,6 |
12.30 |
15.00 |
HY-1058 |
15.40 |
17.45 |
HY-1057 |
RJ-85 |
URGENCH |
1,3,4,6 |
18.00 |
19.40 |
HY-1058 |
20.20 |
21.50 |
HY-1057 |
AN-24 |
URGENCH |
2,5,7 |
18.00 |
20.30 |
HY-1058 |
21.10 |
23.15 |
HY-1057 |
B-757 |
URGENCH |
6(7) |
15.40 |
17.20 |
HY-1058 |
06.30 |
08.00 |
timetable is subject to change
Uzbekistan Airways
Last update: August 2010
international flights timetable
Fligth |
Aircraft |
Destination |
Day of departure from Tashkent and return flight |
Time of departure from Tashkent |
Time of arrival at point of destination |
Flight number |
Time of departure |
Time of arrival |
HY-101 |
B-767 |
NEW YORK via RIGA |
4,7(1,5) |
07.10 |
15.30 |
HY - 102 |
18.00 |
18.05 |
HY -201 |
B-757 |
LONDON |
2,7 |
16.15 |
20.00 |
HY - 202 |
21.15 |
07.50+1 |
HY-201 |
B-757 |
LONDON |
5 |
17.20 |
21.05 |
HY - 202 |
22.20 |
08.55+1 |
HY-203 |
B-767 |
LONDON |
6 |
10.15 |
14.00 |
HY - 204 |
15.30 |
02.05+1 |
HY-211 |
B-757 |
BIRMINGHAM |
1 |
16.40 |
20.15 |
HY - 212 |
21.15 |
08.00+1 |
HY-213 |
B-757 |
BIRMINGHAM |
4 |
05.25 |
09.00 |
HY - 214 |
10.00 |
20.45 |
HY-215 |
B-757 |
BIRMINGHAM |
5 |
08.05 |
11.40 |
HY - 216 |
12.40 |
23.25 |
HY-231 |
A-310 |
FRANKFURT |
1,4,6 |
06.45 |
10.20 |
HY - 232 |
11.40 |
20.40 |
HY-233 |
A-310 |
FRANKFURT |
2 |
15.35 |
19.10 |
HY - 234 |
20.15 |
05.15+1 |
HY-251 |
B-767 |
PARIS |
2,5 |
15.15 |
20.00 |
HY - 252 |
21.30 |
07.00+1 |
HY-253 |
B-767 |
PARIS |
4 |
05.05 |
10.10 |
HY - 254 |
11.10 |
20.40 |
HY-257 |
A-310 |
ROME |
1,4 |
05.40 |
09.30 |
HY - 258 |
11.00 |
20.05 |
HY-265 |
B-757 |
ATHENS |
2 |
18.20 |
22.15 |
HY - 266 |
23.45 |
06.25+1 |
HY-267 |
B-757 |
ATHENS |
4 |
08.00 |
11.10 |
HY - 268 |
12.50 |
19.10 |
HY-271 |
B-767 |
ISTANBUL |
4 |
08.00 |
11.10 |
HY - 272 |
12.50 |
19.10 |
HY-271 |
B-767 |
ISTANBUL |
1 |
07.45 |
10.55 |
HY - 272 |
12.40 |
19.00 |
HY-273 |
B-767 |
ISTANBUL |
5(6) |
19.25 |
22.35 |
HY - 272 |
00.10 |
06.30 |
HY-273 |
B-767 |
ISTANBUL |
2 |
16.10 |
19.20 |
HY - 274 |
20. 50 |
03.10+1 |
HY-301 |
B-767 |
TEL-AVIV |
4 |
05.15 |
08.30 |
HY - 302 |
10.15 |
17.00 |
HY-303 |
B-767 |
TEL-AVIV |
2 |
17.45 |
21.00 |
HY - 304 |
23.00 |
05.45+1 |
HY-303 |
B-767 |
TEL-AVIV |
5 |
18.15 |
21.30 |
HY - 304 |
23.00 |
05.45+1 |
HY-331 |
A-310 |
SHARJAH |
3,7 |
08.05 |
10.55 |
HY - 332 |
12.25 |
16.45 |
HY-421 |
A-310 |
DELHI |
1,4(2,5) |
22.30 |
02.00+1 |
HY - 422 |
11.30 |
14.00 |
HY-423 |
A-310 |
DELHI |
3,6(4,7) |
09.30 |
13.00 |
HY - 424 |
01.10 |
03.40 |
HY-441 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
7 |
06.40 |
09.40 |
HY - 442 |
11.10 |
13.15 |
HY-441 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
1,2 |
09.00 |
12.00 |
HY - 442 |
13.00 |
15.05 |
HY-443 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
1(2) |
21.30 |
00.30+1 |
HY - 444 |
10.30 |
12.35 |
HY-445 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
3 |
10.00 |
13.00 |
HY - 446 |
23.30 |
01.35+1 |
HY-447 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
4(5) |
23.05 |
02.05+1 |
HY - 448 |
03.30 |
05.35 |
HY-449 |
B-757 |
AMRITSAR |
6 |
02.10 |
05.10 |
HY - 450 |
06.40 |
08.45 |
HY-501 |
B-767 |
BEIJING |
3 |
13.20 |
21.40 |
HY - 502 |
23.10 |
02.20+1 |
HY-505 |
B-767 |
BEIJING |
2 |
01.05 |
09.25 |
HY - 506 |
10.55 |
14.05 |
HY-507 |
B-757 |
URUMCHI |
6 |
06.30 |
12.05 |
HY - 508 |
13.35 |
13.20+1 |
HY-511 |
B-767 |
SEOUL |
1,4(2,5) |
22.40 |
09.05+1 |
HY - 512 |
10.15 |
13.40 |
HY-513 |
B-767 |
SEOUL |
3 |
10.35 |
21.00 |
HY - 514 |
22.35 |
02.00+1 |
HY-525 |
B-767 |
OSAKA |
1(2) |
21.40 |
08.55+1 |
HY-526 |
10.05 |
14.35 |
HY-527 |
B-767 |
OSAKA via TOKYO |
3 |
08.05 |
22.20 |
HY - 528 |
23.30 |
04.00+1 |
HY-527 |
B-767 |
OSAKA via TOKYO |
4(5) |
21.15 |
11.35 |
HY - 528 |
12.45 |
17.15 |
HY-531 |
A-310 |
BANGKOK |
1,4(2,5) |
23.20 |
07.20+1 |
HY - 532 |
08.50 |
13.10 |
HY-533 |
A-310 |
BANGKOK |
3 |
10.40 |
18.40 |
HY - 534 |
20.00 |
02.20+1 |
HY-567 |
B-757 |
HO CHI MIHN via HANOI |
3 |
09.20 |
21.00 |
HY - 568 |
22.10 |
03.20+1 |
HY-551 |
B-757 |
KUALA LUMPUR |
1(2) |
22.10 |
08.40+1 |
HY - 552 |
10.10 |
14.35 |
HY-553 |
B-757 |
KUALA LUMPUR |
3 |
10.35 |
21.05 |
HY - 554 |
22.35 |
03.00+1 |
timetable is subject to changes
Bazaars in Uzbekistan
The traditional idea of an oriental bazaar as a place of abundant merchandise, brightness of colours and lively bustle finds its embodiment in Uzbekistan. A perfect bazaar is crammed with produce, it has a motley appearance and allows loud voices and exclamations; it is a place to which bargaining is intrinsic. There are over 15 big bazaars in Tashkent. Eski Juva bazaar is the biggest and the oldest one not only in Uzbekistan but also in the whole Central Asia. This bazaar is located in the very heart of so called Old Town of the capital, next to Chorsu square. Eski Juva has been operating at almost one and the same place for over two thousand years. Tashkent is known to be founded in the 2nd - 1st century B.C. in a fertile oasis to act as an important trade center at an intersection of the Great Silk caravan routes. Initially, there was a group of four small settlements which in later period formed four city"s districts: Beshagach, Shaikhantaur, Sebzar, and Kukcha. In the ancient times on a big vacant lot between these settlements there was set up a fair where local farmers, nomads and touring merchants exchanged their goods. For hundreds of years this place had become a crossroad of eastward, westward, southward and northward caravan routes used for carrying goods into and out of Tashkent. It was called Chorsu - "a crossroad". You might find it interesting to know that some of the names of the streets in this area of Tashkent still remind about the directions of the Great Silk caravan roads: Samarkand-Darbaza ("Samarkand Gate""), Chagatay (gate on the road to Chagatay), and so on.At all seasons the fruit and vegetable stalls impress with an abundance and diversity of the produce. But in summer and autumn the oriental bazaar is particularly impressing. What has been through hard work grown by Uzbek farmers is now on offer: rosy apples and honeydew pears; bunches of black, pink and amber sweet grapes; smooth and slightly furry peaches; prunes, and yellow figs placed on green leaves; pomegranates with ruby seeds; reddish-orange persimmons… Impressive are the piles of huge water-melons and melons which exhale pineapple aroma.
Everywhere at the bazaar there are heard the greetings exchanged by salespeople, shoppers or just acquaintances coming across each other: Assalom aleykum! "Yakhshimisiz?" ("Hello! How are you?"). The salespeople try to attract shoppers, asserting: "Over here are the cheapest grapes!", "My peaches are sweeter!" If a shopper, on asking the price, immediately walks away from the salesman to another one, the former might get offended: "Brother! Why don"t you bargain? It"s the bazaar!" Bargaining can really help to considerably reduce the price.
At Eski Juva there is also a row of workshops under small domes. Inside them craftsmen make and immediately sell their works: jewelry and the painted cradles beshik; gold embroidery; national chests with metal decoration; embroidered suzanes (thin tapestries) and jiyak - lace for trimming the lower edges of women"s wide trousers; quilted men"s caftans chapan and women"s yashmaks; motley kurpacha quilts and pichok knives in leather or brass sheaths; wicker baskets and trays of various sizes and designs; national musical instruments. There are also workshops of whitesmiths and blacksmiths, carpenters and wood-carvers. Potters offer lyagan dishes and kosa bowls with blue and turquoise painted patterns. In the carpet row you can see carpets from Khiva, Samarkand, Bukhara, Afghanistan, Turkey, and even Belgium - and you cannot help remembering that you are in the very heart of the Silk Road trade.
Today"s bazaars in Uzbekistan are quite different from what they were like just 15 - 20 years ago. Realizing that bazaars play an important role in the trading system, Uzbek government adopted a program of reconstruction of the existing bazaars and construction of new ones in the capital and in the provinces soon after the country had become independent. The program has been successfully implemented. The residents and guests of Tashkent can now appreciate the reconstructed bazaars Eski Juva, Oloy Bozori, Mirobod Bozori, Yunusobod Bozori, Parkent Bozori and others. Their vast trading grounds are now in excellent condition; they are protected from sun and precipitation by domes. Many new stalls now appear under the huge shelters and in spacious pavilions. The bazaars are equipped with powerful refrigerators, storage areas, small-scale mechanisms; good sanitary service is available.
In the past the local farmers used to bring their produce on camels and donkeys, so near bazaar trading grounds there used to be caravanserais for people and fenced with earthen barrier corrals for animals. Today salespeople and shoppers come to bazaars by car. Therefore there have been built guarded parking lots and hotels at all the bazaars.
Bazaars in Taskent
Alaysky bazaar Located in the center of Tashkent, Oloy Bozori (Alay Bazaar) was set up 150 years ago in the New Town. It is the most up-to-date, equipped and advanced bazaar in the city. Standing under the huge shelter, the bazaar's rows of stalls stretch as far as the eye can see. At this bazaar only first-class produce is on offer. Oloy Bozori deals almost exclusively in choice fruit and vegetables. As you walk along the rows, you most likely will find no bruised tomatoes or wilted cucumbers.
The types of products on sale at Oloy Bozori are practically the same as those you will see at other bazaars, however Oloy Bozori is still unique. Only here can you can buy all varieties of meat and poultry, including turkey, goose and duck; button and oyster mushrooms grown in greenhouses; Caspian sturgeon and Far Eastern salmon. Moreover, this bazaar is the only place where it is possible to buy bundles of leafy birch twigs (called "venniki" in Russian) for stimulating massages in the Russian sauna ("banya")
Chorsu bazaar (Eski Juva bazaar) The traditional ideal of an oriental bazaar as a place of abundant merchandise, bright colors and a lively bustle finds its embodiment in Uzbekistan. A perfect bazaar is crammed with produce, has a motley appearance and allows loud voices and exclamations; it is a place in which bargaining is intrinsic. There are 15 such large bazaars in Tashkent.
Here you will find again vegetables and fruit (under the new blue domes) as well as all the other well-known products. The Chorsu bazaar has a very but large open-air market for clothes, shoes, carpets, wood carved products, and handmade aluminum products. A very nice shopping are to wander around with guests, no matter what you are looking for.
Farkhatsky bazaar They only sell melons. The melons from the country are brought in by trucks. They dump their cargo on the streets. In September/October you see the whole street with only melons. The owners of the melon harvest stay day and night with their business. Even in winter they sleep outside in the street until they are sold out.
Hippodrome bazaar There are less fresh products and more (leather)clothes, shoes, carpets and whatever else you can imagine. It is difficult to park your car and the market is most of the time very crowded. Here you can find the real bargains. Even imported goods from India and Pakistan are sold here. If you like it, shopping here can take you a whole day.
There is also a huge and real car sale bazaar for new and second hand cars. In the recent past this was the only place where people could buy new cars. Open: everyday, except monday.
Parkentsky bazaar This bazaar is fall of bargains if you don't mind the crowd. It is a good place to buy in quantity: beer, biscuits, cigarettes, coffee, cookies, cooking oil, soft drinks, liquor etc.
Bazaars in Samarkand
The most exiting oriental market in Samarkand
The area of today's central market of Samarkand was the southern trading and crafts suburb of the city in 8th and 13th centuries. By the late 13th to early 14th centuries this territory had become a focus for urban revival after the extinction of life on Afrasiab.
Craft workshops and trading stalls, warehouses and caravansarais located between Registan and Afrasiab were the busy center of public life in Samarkand until the beginning of the last century. Public holidays were usually held near these places, and merchants from China, India and Iran met there to buy and exchange goods.
Situated next to the mosque and mausoleum of Bibi-Khanum, the central market of Samarkand no longer has its old buildings, but still keeps alive the spirit of the ancient trading culture of the great city, with dried fruits and nuts, traditional sweets, honey and dairy products and bread.
The many chai-khanas (pavilions for tea drinking) nearby are filled with the atmosphere of traditional Samarkand hospitality.
And finally, the characteristic Samarkand bread - "obi-non", baked in clay furnaces, is on sale in the market. This round type of bread which looks like the Sun's disk is famous for its special taste and the originality of its decoration.
The Swiss traveler Ella Mayar who visited Samarkand early in the 1930s wrote that as a European woman she was impressed by a mixture of so many different things sold there: scull-caps, soap, tobacco, braids, textiles, silk scarves, stockings, ribbons, thick pancakes on frying pans, chunks of mutton on big trays, sparkling crystals of navat sugar… Today Chorsu is a trading exhibition hall where you can buy Samarkand craftsmen"s works.
In the old times, on a certain day once a week there used to be held trade fairs in Asian countries. Some towns and villages were even named after those "market" days: the name of the Tajikistan"s capital Dushanbe means "Monday", a small town Juma near Samarkand is "Friday". The tradition of the weekly bazaars has been maintained to the present day. One of the most well-known of such bazaars is the one held on Sundays in the ancient town Urgut, 60 kilometers from Samarkand.
Urgut is really a town of craftsmen. There live hereditary blacksmiths, potters and embroiderers. On Sundays at this bazaar you can buy modern and traditional Urgut embroideries, silver jewelry with carnelians, tapestries and carpets, traditional clothes, handmade silk and cotton textiles, and many other exotic things.
Bazaars in Bukhara
The bazaars in the historic part of Bukhara impress with their exotic character and an abundance of merchandise. At the beginning of the 20th century the American geologist and orientalist Rafael Pompelli left us the following notes: "The nature of huge Bukhara bazaar makes it the most "oriental" of all the bazaars: its narrow passages are protected from the sun with latticed roof; each type of goods is sold in a certain quarter of the city. Bukhara is famous for its unique arts and crafts: peculiar only to Bukhara are its silk textiles of exquisite colors and texture, carpets with amazing patterns, gold-embroideries and jewelry. We had bought a lot of things here, and yet later we were sorry we had not bought more." In Bukhara there have remained intact a few shopping passages under 16-century domed roofs. And they are still used for trading! The passages lie at the crossroads of the streets Toki-Zargaron ("Jewelers Dome"), Telpak-Furushon ("Headgear Salespeople"s Dome") and Toki-Saraffon ("Money-changers" Dome"). These names themselves explain what trades the residents of these streets were initially engaged in.
Today at the modernized Bukhara bazaars they sell not only the local handicrafts and agricultural products but also what has been grown in the neighboring provinces.
Shopping in Uzbekistan
The best place to experience Central Asia is in the bazaars. The bazaars of Tashkent and Samarkand offer goods ranging from herbs and spices to Central Asian carpets. In the Alaiski Bazaar in Tashkent, it is possible to buy decorated Uzbek knives. Silk is still produced in the country and well-priced silks can be bought at large department stores.Many museums have small shops which sell a variety of modern reproductions and some original items. It is possible to buy carpets and embroidered wall
hangings. Bukhara is famous for its gold embroidery, and visitors can buy
elaborately embroidered traditional Uzbek hats. Visitors should be aware that it is illegal to export anything more than 100 years old or items which have a cultural significance.
Shopping Suzane
Suzane is the name given nowadays to all the wonderful embroideries you will find in Uzbekistan. For those interested -a suzane is a large wall hanging, a nimsuzane is a small wall hanging, a tuskiz hangs in a yurt and a ruijo is spread on the bridal bed. The list of names goes on - but suzane will do. Whether you buy a full suzane or just a single cushion cover, you are buying a piece of a wonderful tradition.
Patterns and styles vary from place to place. In Bukhara the background is nearly always cream (though these days some are tea-dipped to give a attractive muted tone to the colours - that is quite acceptable) and floral patterns feature strongly, often with recognisable flower motifs. Tashkent suzanis tend to have brightly coloured backgrounds and fairly small stylized floral motifs whilst Fergana Valley work features large bold motifs - usually black and red on a cream background.
The choice is certainly greatest in Bukhara where prices are probably as high as you will pay anywhere.
Urgut bazaar is renowned as a good hunting ground - show interest in embroideries there and you will soon be surrounded by women with suzani to sell. Prices are good and bargaining easier.
Shopping Uzbek silk.
Uzbek silks in wonderful Ikat hand weaves are absolutely beautiful. Expensive too - this is a highly sophisticated weaving process. For those adventurous enough to wear them, the coats and dresses made from this silk make a real impact. For the more conservative, lovely scarves make an more wearable, and much cheaper, alternative.
I'm still dreaming of a glorious piece of silk I saw in Samarkand, about one and a half metres square with a fabulous Ikat pattern - first price $500 - even 5th price would have been beyond my budget, but what a piece!
This has become a bit of a mantra - what you pay is up to you -a few dollars for a machine-made scarf or hundreds for something like my gorgeous square.
$25 bought me a gorgeous stole woven in Khorezm style from best quality silk, a length of silk and cotton mix adras in a very sophisticated ikat pattern cost $8 a metre, machine-made pure silk ikat bought from tSum in Tashkent was $7 a metre - both lengths were the typical narrow width - about 50 cm.
If you really want to push the boat out, an investment piece such as the antique woman's robe in good condition in photo 2 will cost you something in the vicinity of $700-800
Shopping magic carpets.
Although you will see any number of carpets for sale in Uzbekistan, be aware that most come from Turkmenistan. Not that this is a reason not to buy, trade in carpets across the whole region is as old as carpet-making, pre-dating the borders of modern politics by centuries. If you want to be sure the carpet you buy is truly an Uzbek one, visit the UNESCO-sponsored silk carpet workshops in Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva or buy from the Yodgorlik silk factory in Fergana where you can see the carpets being made.
At the workshop in Khiva you can see the copper pots of dye bubbling away as well as the women working at the looms.
Traditional knotted rugs and carpets; kilims, sumacs and other flatweaves and items such as camel bags are all available. Small rugs will fold neatly inro a suitcase, larger pieces may need to be shipped. Laws are strict about exporting anything with real age or particular cultural value.
Price always depends on quality and your bargaining powers. A small silk rug will cost about $200, a kilim or sumac may be had for as little as $50. Whatever you pay, if you really like the rug and have paid a price you can afford, you can be sure you have value for your money and a wonderful memory that will last a lifetime.
Shopping Uzbek souvenirs.
The austere student cells of Samarkand's old madrassas are mostly now crowded with a riot of colour as they find a new purpose as the small shops selling the gorgeous handicrafts of the country. The beautiful tilework on the arches of the courtyards combine with the variety and vibrancy of the goods for sale both inside and outside the shops to form a wonderful tapestry of colour around the serene space of the the courts themselves with their stone-flagged paving, trees and grapevines. Western-style shopping malls with their bright lights and piped music don't have a fraction of the atmosphere and charm of these places.
If Bukhara's domes and Samarkand's madrassas cater mostly for tourists, Uzbekistan's wonderful bazaars make no such concessions. These are the places that the local people shop in every day for their food, their household needs and most of their clothes. The huge covered market halls, open stalls in the plazas and the streets all around buzz with activity and life. These are the places to come for the sounds, the smells and the tastes of daily life.
Spices, dried fruit and nuts, fabulous fresh fruit and bread are all great buys here, some for immediate consumption, some to take home with you.
Uzbekistan - Uzbek Culture, Customs and Traditions
Uzbekistan Hospitality
At the heart of Uzbek culture is its wonderful hospitality, renowned for centuries. From the days when Uzbekistan stood at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road, its grand cities hosted thousands of road-weary tradesmen who sought refuge from the desert and the perils of the open road. These caravans would stay for days at a time, enjoying the gracious generosity that has remained a living tradition to the present day.
The Uzbek Tea Ceremony, a formal and graceful ritual, demonstrates in a very practical way the high priority given to hospitality. When a guest arrives, the hostess will serve tea, usually accompanied by a traditional snack. The freshly brewed tea is poured from the teapot into a ceramic cup and then returned to the teapot three times, allowing the full flavor and aroma of the tea to develop. The fourth time, tea is poured into the guest's cup, filling it only halfway so that it will be the perfect temperature for the guest to enjoy.
Uzbekistan traditions & customs
The traditions and customs of the Uzbek people have been shaped by their unique position at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road. The treasures that flowed were not only the ones that can be held in one's hand, but also those that touch the heart and soul. Art, philosophy, science, and religious ideals were exchanged, enriching the cultures of both the travelers and their hosts.
Uzbek culture reflects a beautiful synthesis of these influences, while maintaining its own unique traditions. From the harmony of its architecture to the masterful detail of its applied arts, from the busy, noisy bazaars to the peaceful, laid-back chaikhana, a journey through Uzbekistan is unique and unforgettable.
It will be helpful for travelers to be aware of some of the conventions of Uzbek society. For example, when greeting each other, close friends or family members of the same sex will kiss on both cheeks. When meeting someone for the first time, a handshake denotes a formal introduction (however, women will generally not be expected to shake hands with men). At a meal, guests will be expected to take a turn as toastmaster, thanking and praising the host, saying something witty, and wishing good health and prosperity to all present.
Of all the traditions in Uzbek culture, those associated with the family and community are the most important. The community itself is structured self-governing units, the mahallya. These groups of neighbors help each other and together conduct joint activities. Weddings, funerals, commemorative ceremonies, and the rites of circumcision are all organized by the mahallya.
Uzbekistan Weddings
Many Uzbek ceremonies, especially those associated with family life, such as weddings and the birth an upbringing of children, represent the combination of Islamic rituals with more ancient forms related to mystical practices. A wedding involves the whole community, and it is not uncommon to see three hundred guests at the wedding party. The rituals begin with an engagement ceremony, at which the wedding date is set, and end on the day after the wedding with a ceremony in which the bride is formally received into her new family.
Uzbek National dress
When we think of Central Asian civilizations, one of the enduring images is of the beautiful fabrics and decorative needlework used in traditional clothing.
Although nowadays most Uzbeks wear European-style clothes, especially in the cities, some elements of traditional clothing are still incorporated. In the countryside and at national ceremonies you can still see people in traditional dress, and even today, gold-embroidered zarchapan (caftan) and turbans made of gold or silver brocade are indispensable parts of men's wedding garments.
The climax of a wedding ceremony is the bride's leaving her parent's house for the house of her groom. In some areas of Uzbekistan there has also remained the ancient ritual of purification, which goes back to Zoroastrian tradition, when the young couple walks around the fire three times before groom brings the bride into his house.
Next morning after the wedding party the rite "Kelin salomi" - reception of the bride in her new family should be performed. The groom's parents, his relatives and friends give presents to the bride and she greets everyone with deep bow.
Such important event in the life of young family as baby birth is accompanied with ritual celebration "Beshik tui" - "Wooden cradle". On the fortieth day after the baby is born relatives of the young mother bring lavishly decorated cradle - beshik and everything which is needed for the newborn, as well as wrapped in tablecloth baked scones, sweets and toys. According to tradition while guests are having good time and are regaling themselves on the viands, in the child's room the aged women perform the rite of the first swaddling of the child and putting baby into beshik. The rite finishes with the ceremony of a baby's first 'showing itself' to the public. The invited guests gather round the cradle which they scatter with sweets and sugar wishing the baby happiness and success.
The birth of a boy brings to the family a real elation and responsibility. Before the child reaches the age of nine it is necessary to perform ancient sanctified Islamic rite of circumcision - hatna kilish or sunnat toyi. Prior to the rite in the presence of the elders from neighbourhood suras (verses from Koran) are read and holiday table is served. The elders bless the small boy and give him presents. At last there comes the culminating point of the ceremony when a stallion, decorated with beautiful harness and ribbons, appears; the boy is seated on it; and all the guests begin to wish him to grow up a healthy man and brave horseman.
Funeral and commemoration for the dead are also featured in the code of life regulations. Twice, in twenty days and in one year after the death, funeral repast is arranged. In the morning, right after morning praying, plov is served. The ceremony lasts one and a half - two hours. While eating those present at the ceremony commemorate the deceased and read suras from Koran.
All these important events in the life of an Uzbek family come about with the assistance and direct participation of mahallya members. Mahallya is a community of neighbours which is based on the full independence and self-governing with the purpose of conducting joint activities and rendering mutual assistance. Makhalla as a structural unit has existed for centuries and originally was a kind of trade - union committee of craftsmen. Management is executed by mahallya community committee elected at the common meeting of residents. Makhalla specifically takes care of organization and arrangement of weddings, funerals, commemoration, and the rite of circumcision.
Mahallya in a sense is self-supporting organization which meetes the urgent spiritual and bodily requirements of the citizens. Practically in each makhalla there functions choihona - tea house, barber's shop, and frequently there is a mosque to serve the community. On Fridays, however, men visit a cathedral mosque to perform common praying namaz.
For all that, mahallya is not just an association of mutual aid. The community plays a broad spectrum of roles, including those of supervisory and educative ones. Children in mahallya grow up under the supervision of the whole community and are brought up invariably in the spirit of respect and obedience to elderly people Community also observes the ancient tradition of mutual aid - khashar. Many hands make light work. Thus residents voluntarily and without payment help neighbors to build a house, to arrange a wedding party or commemorating plov, to improve conditions of the neighborhood.
Mahallya acts as an upholder of folk customs and traditions. Not without reason it can be said that a man is born and lives in mahallya, and when he dies mahallya administers the last rites for him.
National Cuisine of Uzbekistan
Uzbek cuisine is influenced by local agriculture, as in most nations. There is a great deal of grain farming in Uzbekistan, so breads and noodles are of importance and Uzbek cuisine has been characterized as "noodle-rich". Mutton is a popular variety of meat due to the abundance of sheep in the country and it is a part of various Uzbek dishes.
Uzbekistan's signature dish is palov (plov or osh), a main course typically made with rice, pieces of meat, and grated carrots and onions. Oshi nahor, or "morning plov", is served in the early morning (between 6 and 9 am) to large gatherings of guests, typically as part of an ongoing wedding celebration. Other notable national dishes include shurpa (shurva or shorva), a soup made of large pieces of fatty meat (usually mutton) and fresh vegetables; norin and lagman, noodle-based dishes that may be served as a soup or a main course; manti, chuchvara, and somsa, stuffed pockets of dough served as an appetizer or a main course; dimlama (a meat and vegetable stew) and various kebabs, usually served as a main course.
Green tea is the national hot beverage taken throughout the day; teahouses (chaikhanas) are of cultural importance. The more usual black tea is preferred in Tashkent Both are typically taken without milk or sugar. Tea always accompanies a meal, but it is also a drink of hospitality, automatically offered—green or black—to every guest. Ayran, a chilled yogurt drink, is popular in summer, but does not replace hot tea.
The use of alcohol is less widespread than in the West, but wine is comparatively popular for a Muslim nation as Uzbekistan is largely secular. Uzbekistan has 14 wineries, the oldest and most famous being the Khovrenko Winery in Samarkand (est. 1927). The Samarkand winery produces a range of dessert wines from local grape varieties: Gulyakandoz, Shirin, Aleatiko, and Kabernet likernoe (literally Cabernet Dessert Wine in Russian). Uzbek wines have received international awards and are exported to Russia and other countries.
Plov.
The main national dish of Uzbekistan is plov. Normally, festive plov is cooked from mutton and rice with adding of a large amount of carrot and onion, as well as spices. Each ingredient of plov has a symbolic meaning, while holiday supper with plov has a ritual meaning connected to ancient traditions. Plov is cooked by ancient recipes and has a lot of varieties. For wedding ceremony, that plays a significant role in Uzbek people’s ceremonies, a special plov for weddings is cooked. In each region, there are their own secrets of cooking of this dish that create its unique taste and aroma. Normally, plov is served up on a big flat dish. According to the ancient tradition plov is eaten with hands from one common dish, however, now, especially in cities, you can see more often that it is eaten with using of spoons and sometimes forks. Plov is always dished up with lepeshkas.
Shurpa, mastava
Among the liquid dishes, various kinds of Shurpa and Mastava take an important place in Uzbek national cuisine. The basis of these dishes is the bouillon of fatty meat. Shurpa and Mastava are prepared from fresh or pre-fried meat, most often from fresh mutton. Important components are sliced carrots and onion rings, which are added fresh. Sometimes Shurpa is prepared with turnips or peas. In several areas potatoes, fresh tomatoes and sweet peppers are added. Shurpa is subdivided into Kaytnama (shurpa from fresh meat) and Kovurma (shurpa from fried meat). Kaytnama - shurpa is the most popular and has a gentle taste and aroma. The meat is cooked in large pieces, and the vegetables - whole or in large pieces. Cooking should be done on a slow fire and it is impossible to allow a vigorous boil.
Samsa
Samsa is prepared in all areas of Uzbekistan with various fillings: meat, pumpkin, herbs, etc. Samsa is baked in a tandoor oven, as well as in gas ovens and on electric plates. For samsa, an ordinary stiff dough is mixed, left for 20-30 minutes, then unrolled in plaits and cut into pieces of 10-15 grams. It should not be thicker than 2-2.5 mm. The edges are thinner than the middle. The filling is put in the center, folded in the dough and baked at a high temperature. For the dough, the following ingredients are required: flour - 25 g, water - 105 g, salt - 6 g; for the filling - mutton or beef fillet - 150 g, fat - 35 g, onion- 250 g, caraway - 1 g, salt and pepper.
Manty.
After plov, manty is the most widespread and favorite dish of Uzbeks because in many regions mantys are dished up at the end of the meal. In Ferghana valley, Samarkand, Tashkent and Bukhara manty is one of the most important components of ration of local population. In other regions they are rarely cooked. Mantys are cooked from mixed in water stiff dough which is rolled out in slices with 4-5mm thickness and being cut into squares of 12x12 cm size. Minced meat, minced vegetables or greens can be a stuffing. Mantys are steamed during 35-45 minutes in special pots (kaskans). They are dished up with katik or sour cream.
