\u5386\u53f2<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f88\u53e4\u8001\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u738b\u671d\u7edf\u6cbb\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u4ece\u53e4\u4ee3\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u660e\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u5e26\u3002\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e4\u8001\u6587\u660e\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6c9f\u901a\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d70\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8def\uff0c\u5e76\u80af\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53f2\u524d<\/p>\n
\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u662f\u4e2d\u4e9a\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6709\u4eba\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u65e7\u77f3\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u572810\u4e07\u5e74\u548c30\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5883\u5185\u3002\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u7684\u8425\u5730\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8425\u5730\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u8d85\u8fc7\u5341\u4e07\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\u7279\u4eba\u7684\u5934\u9aa8\u548c\u9aa8\u5934\u4ee5\u53ca\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u7ed8\u753b\u3002\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e86Sherabad\u5730\u533a\u6d1e\u7a74\u5899\u58c1\u4e0a\u7684\u72e9\u730e\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u5361\u62c9\u5361\u5c14\u5e15\u57fa\u7684Khorezm\u5854\u4ec0\u5e72\u9644\u8fd1\u4e5f\u6709\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9752\u94dc\u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n
\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d2200\u5e74\u81f31700\u5e74\u7684\u9752\u94dc\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002 J.C.\u4e00\u4e2abactro-margian\u6587\u660e\u6216Oxus\u6587\u660e\uff08Amu-Daria\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u571f\u5e93\u66fc\u65af\u5766\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4e0e\u68a7\u6850\u5c71\u8c37\u7684\u6587\u660e\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u6765\u81ea\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u5370\u5ea6 – \u96c5\u5229\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u3002\u6839\u636eDjarkoutan\u548cMollaliT\u00e9p\u00e9\u8003\u53e4\u9057\u5740\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u5236\u9020\u9676\u5668\u5e76\u4e3a100-125\u540d\u5c45\u6c11\u5efa\u9020\u623f\u5c4b\uff0c\u79cd\u690d\u5c0f\u9ea6\u548c\u5927\u9ea6\u3002\u4fdd\u7559\u704c\u6e89\u6e20\u7684\u9057\u8ff9\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5343\u5e74\u7ed3\u675f\u548c\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e00\u5343\u5e74\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5728\u5b89\u96c6\u5ef6\uff0c\u82cf\u5c14\u6c57 – \u8fbe\u91cc\u4e9a\u548c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u9752\u94dc\u5668\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u5668\u5177\uff0c\u7c98\u571f\u9910\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u516c\u5143\u524d1700\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u3002 AD\uff0cIndo-Aryans\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u3002\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u5728\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5b9a\u5c45\u5e76\u5b9a\u5c45\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5373Tazabagyab\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d1500\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u3002 J.-C\u9760\u8fd1\u54b8\u6d77\u4ee5\u5357\u7684Khorezm\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u7531\u4e24\u5339\u9a6c\u7275\u5f15\u7684\u4e24\u8f6e\u6218\u8f66\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f4f\u5728\u6751\u5e84\u91cc\uff0c\u8015\u79cd\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u9972\u517b\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u9752\u94dc\u6b66\u5668\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n
Bactria\uff0cSogdiana\uff0cAchaemenian\u5e1d\u56fd<\/p>\n
\u53e4\u4ee3\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1aKhorezm\uff0cSogdiana\u548cBactria\u90fd\u5728\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5883\u5185\u3002\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u548c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5730\u533a\u3002 Bactrians\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u5317\u90e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u66f4\u5357\u90e8\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u662fBacytres\uff08\u73b0\u4e3aBalkh\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\uff08\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684Maracanda\uff09\u7531\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d5\u4e16\u7eaa\u5efa\u7acb<\/p>\n
Zoroastrianism\u662f\u5728Bactria\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\uff0cAhura Mazda\u662f\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u795e\u7075\u3002\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u548c\u796d\u7940\u4eea\u5f0f\u662f\u7531\u51c0\u5316\u706b\u796d\u7684\u5deb\u5e08\u4eec\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u3002 Zarathustra\uff0c\u539f\u540dZoroaster\uff0c\u662f\u7410\u7f57\u4e9a\u65af\u5fb7\u6559\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d1000\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u5728Khorezm\u3002 Zoroastrianism\u8363\u8000\u7f8e\u597d\u7684Ahura Mazda\u4e4b\u795e\u548c\u6597\u4e89Spenta Manyu\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684Ahriman\u7684\u5723\u7075\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7410\u7f57\u4e9a\u65af\u5fb7\u6559\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u7531\u5584\u4e0e\u6076\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u767d\u5929\u548c\u9ed1\u591c\uff0c\u51b7\u70ed\u5bf9\u6297\u3002\u4e2d\u4e9a\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u795e\u7075\u662f\u5bc6\u7279\u62c9\u548c\u5b89\u5e0c\u5e0c\u5854\u3002\u963f\u7ef4\u65af\u5854\u662f\u7410\u7f57\u4e9a\u65af\u5fb7\u6559\u7684\u795e\u5723\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u795e\u5723\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0cgathas\uff0c\u7531Zoroaster\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u793c\u62dc\u8bd7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u516c\u5143\u524d2\u5343\u5e74\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7531Magi\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8428\u73ca\u65f6\u4ee3\u8f6c\u5f55\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u7d22\u7f57\u8fea\u4e9a\u548c\u5df4\u514b\u7279\u91cc\u4e9a\u5b9e\u884c\u4e86\u62dc\u706b\u6559\u3002\u5361\u62c9\u5361\u5c14\u5e15\u57fa\u4e9a\uff08Karakalpakia\uff09\u6709\u7410\u7f57\u4e9a\u65af\u5fb7\u6559\u5bfa\u5e99\u7684\u5e9f\u589f\u3002\u636e\u63a8\u6d4b\uff0c\u5b9a\u5c45\u7684Scytho-Sakas\u662f\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002\u54b8\u6d77\u5468\u56f4\u5c45\u4f4f\u7740Sakas\uff08\u6216Saces\uff09\u548cMassagetes\u7684\u6e38\u7267\u90e8\u843d\u3002\u6309\u6469\u8005\u662f\u52c7\u6562\u7684\u6218\u58eb\u548c\u9a91\u5175\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u672a\u4e0e\u9a6c\u5339\u548c\u5f13\u76f8\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u5728\u63d0\u67e5\u91cc\u65af\u5973\u738b\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6697\u6740\u4e86\u6ce2\u65af\u56fd\u738b\u8d5b\u52d2\u65af\u3002 Tomiris\u548cShirak\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4\u3002\u5987\u5973\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5e0c\u814a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e0c\u7f57\u591a\u5fb7\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d5\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u516c\u5143\u524d\u4e94\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u652f\u540d\u53eb\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u7684\u5973\u519b\u961f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5207\u5f00\u4e73\u623f\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7528\u5f13\u5c04\u51fb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u7cbe\u82f1\u3002\u6e38\u7267\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u5987\u5973\u4e0e\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u654c\u4eba\u4f5c\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
Bactria\uff0cSogdiana\u548cKhorezm\uff08Kwarezm\uff09\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u704c\u6e89\u4e86Syr-Daria\uff0cAmu-Dara\u548cZerafchan\u7684\u5c71\u8c37\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f4f\u5728\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u3002\u5728\u6c99\u6f20\u548c\u5c71\u8109\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fc7\u7740\u6e38\u7267\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u9644\u8fd1\u7684Afraciab\u5e02\u59cb\u5efa\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d500\u5e74\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5df2\u77e5\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5176\u8003\u53e4\u9057\u5740\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5185\u3002 Afrasiab\u7684\u58c1\u753b\u5f88\u6709\u540d\u3002\u6839\u636eAfrasiab\u521b\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u5947\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u6240\u6709Tourans\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u3002 Tourans\u662fHephtalites\u548cKarakhanides\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002\u4ece545\u5230540 av\u3002\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u8d5b\u52d2\u65af\u4e8c\u4e16\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u4e2d\u4e9a\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0cBactria\uff0cSogdiana\uff0cKhorezm\u548cParthia\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728Achaemenian\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e2d\u7ed8\u5236XI\uff0cXV\u548cXV\u7684\u7701\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u548c\u585e\u7409\u53e4\u4eba<\/p>\n
\u516c\u5143\u524d330\u5e74\u3002\u4e2d\u4e9a\u88ab\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u5f81\u670d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u5965\u514b\u65af\uff08Amu-Daria\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9547\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f\u9547\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aTermez\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u6700\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n
.<\/p>\n
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\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5165\u4fb5<\/p>\n
\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d1\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c\u516c\u51432\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002 Graeco – Bactrian\u5dde\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u3002\u4e50\u667a\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u5165\u4fb5\u4e86\u5e0c\u814a – \u5854\u514b\u7279\u91cc\u4e9a\u738b\u56fd\u3002 Parni\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e15\u63d0\u4e9a\u4eba\uff0c\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d247\u5e74\u5360\u636e\u4e86Bactria\u7684\u897f\u90e8\uff08\u4eca\u5929\u5728\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u548c\u571f\u5e93\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u4e4b\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u5373Sakas\uff08\u6216Saces\uff09\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u571f\u5e93\u66fc\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5c3c\u8428\u3002 Sakas\u51fa\u53d1\u524d\u5f80\u73b0\u5728\u7684Afganistano\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dYuezhi\u7edf\u6cbb\u516c\u5143\u524d126\u5e74.Kushan\u5e1d\u56fd\uff0c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u4eba\uff0c\u59cb\u5efa\u4e8e\u516c\u5143\u524d1\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u5317\u90e8\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u5361\u76ae\u8428\u4f4d\u4e8e\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5df4\u683c\u62c9\u59c6\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u5e93\u6c99\u4eba\u5e1d\u56fd\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u5e15\u7279\u56db\u5927\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728Kanishka\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\uff0cKushan\u5dde\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9876\u5cf0\u3002\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u827a\u672f\u548c\u6587\u5316\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53d1\u8fbe\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u7410\u7f57\u4e9a\u65af\u5fb7\u6559\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u6469\u5c3c\u6559\u7b49\u5b97\u6559\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u540c\u5c45\u3002\u5e93\u6c99\u4eba\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u8fdb\u53e3\u4f5b\u6559\u3002\u5728\u5e93\u6851\u4eba\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u827a\u672f\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce2\u65afSassanids\u548c\u767d\u8272\u5308\u5974\uff08Hephtalites\uff09<\/p>\n
\u57283\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c4\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8428\u73ca\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f81\u670dTransoxian\u3002\u57284\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u5308\u5974\u4eba\uff0cChionites\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\u5308\u5974\u4eba\uff09\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u5728427\u5e74\uff0c\u8428\u73ca\u56fd\u738bVahram V\uff08\u201cVahram Ghur\u201d\uff09\u7c89\u788e\u4e86\u767d\u8272\u5308\u5974\u4eba\uff08Hephtalites\uff09\u7684\u6e38\u7267\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u571f\u5730\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6ce2\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u5728442\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50Yazdgard II Sipahdost\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86Kidarite\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u56db\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0cTransoxiana\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8eSassanid\u738b\u671d\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u8428\u65af\u5c3c\u5fb7\u7687\u5e1dYazdgardeII\u7684\u513f\u5b50Peroz\u5728Hephtalites\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u7c89\u788e\u4e86\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e459-484\u6210\u4e3a\u6ce2\u65af\u7687\u5e1d\u3002 Hephtalites\u975e\u5e38\u6b8b\u5fcd\u3002\u4e00\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bb3\u6015\u5730\u98a4\u6296\u3002 Hephtalites\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7c9f\u7279\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u767d\u5308\u5974\u662f\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7956\u5148\u3002\u5728\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u4e3a\u671f\u516b\u5929\u7684\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728560\u5230563\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0cHephtalites\u88abKokturks\u51fb\u788e\u3002<\/p>\n
Kokturks\u6c57\u56fd<\/p>\n
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\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba<\/p>\n
\u5728\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u5165\u4fb5\u4e86\u4e2d\u4e9a\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6cb3\u540e\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6Ma-Wara-al-Nahr\u3002\u968f\u7740\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u666e\u904d\u7684\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e00\u70b9\u4e00\u70b9\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u7688\u4f9d\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u7684\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u514d\u7a0e\u3002\u5f3a\u5236\u5272\u793c\u7684\u6cd5\u4ee4\u548c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5170\u5fb7\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u53e3\u53cd\u5bf9\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u54c8\u91cc\u53d1\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8d77\u4e49\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728720\u548c721\u5e74\uff0c\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u5728\u571f\u8033\u5176\u4eba\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u9a7b\u519b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\u57ce\u5e02\u6f58\u5409\u80af\u7279\u56fd\u738b\u8fea\u74e6\u4ec0\u8482\u5947\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u53cd\u53db\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u4f4d\u4e8e\u9a6c\u683c\u5c71\u7684\u963f\u5df4\u5c14\u5821\u5792\u907f\u96be\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728Zeravshan\u7684\u5de6\u5cb8\uff0c\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u7c9f\u7279\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u56f4\u56f0\u4e86\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u8fea\u74e6\u4ec0\u8482\u5947\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6295\u964d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728Khorassan\u65b0\u4efb\u5dde\u957fal-Harashi\u7684\u6307\u6325\u4e0b\u4e8e722\u5e74\u79cb\u88ab\u5904\u51b3\u3002\u5728728\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u53cd\u53db\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u8270\u82e6\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u5b83\u5728729\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u906d\u5230\u9547\u538b\uff0c\u4f46\u7c9f\u7279\u4eba\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u5728751\u5e74\u5854\u62c9\u65af\u6218\u5f79\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6297\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u65f6\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u88ab\u4fd8\u864f\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u5236\u7eb8\u7684\u79d8\u8bc0\u3002\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u6210\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb8\u5f20\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94ed\u6587\u53d1\u751f\u5728Soghdiana\u7684720-722\uff0cSogdiana\u548cKhorassan\u7684734-737\u4ee5\u53ca801-802\u7684Abu Muslim\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684747-750\u4ee5\u53caMa wara’un -Nahr\u7684806\u3002\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\uff0c\u5bbe\u80af\u7279\uff08\u5854\u4ec0\u5e72\uff09\uff0c\u6cf0\u5c14\u6885\u5179\u548c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u7b49\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u54c8\u91cc\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1\uff0c\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u704c\u6e89\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4ece750\u5230850\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f – \u7a46\u65af\u6797\u201d\u79d1\u5b66\u8fbe\u5230\u9876\u5cf0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5230\u4e869\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7740\u4f5c\u90fd\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6cd5\u62c9\u6bd4\uff08872-950\uff09\u51fa\u751f\u4e8eTransoxiana\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\u662f\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff09\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4ed6\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u800c\u95fb\u540d<\/p>\n
Al-Khorezmi\u662f\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u7740\u540d\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b66\u4f4d\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u73b0\u4ee3\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ee3\u6570\u539f\u7406\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u592a\u9633\u65f6\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5929\u6587\u8868\u201d\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u7684\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7740\u540d\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6al-Fergani\uff08805-880\uff09\u51fa\u751f\u4e8eFerghana\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u683c\u8fbe\u548c\u5927\u9a6c\u58eb\u9769\u9644\u8fd1\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u4e24\u5ea7\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u3002 Muhammad al-Bukhari\uff08\u4f0a\u739b\u76ee\u5e03\u54c8\u91cc\uff08810-870\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7740\u540d\u7684\u6ce2\u65af\u88d4\u900a\u5c3c\u6d3e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u8428\u66fc\u4eba<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7b2c\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\u672b\uff0c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5f00\u59cb\u51cf\u5f31\u3002\u5728takhirid\u548csaffarid\u738b\u671d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4e9a\u548cKhorassan\u90fd\u53d7\u5230Isma\u00eflibnAkhmad Samani\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u9996\u90fd\u548c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u8fd1\u4e1c\uff0c\u4e1c\u6b27\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5173\u7cfb\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u8428\u66fc\u4eba\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ce2\u65af\u8bed\uff08\u6ce2\u65af\u8bed\uff09\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u662f\u5b98\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u572810\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9876\u5cf0\u3002\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u5728\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5176\u7740\u540d\u7684\u7687\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5305\u62ec45,000\u518c\u3002\u5728\u8428\u66fc\u4eba\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u8428\u66fc\u4eba\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u8fd0\u6cb3\uff0c\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u9644\u8fd1\u7684Yaqsar\u5927\u575d\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u9676\u74f7\u3002 Samarcande\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u540d\u4e3a\u201cquogosi abrechimi\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4ee5\u5176\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u57289\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c12\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u533b\u751f\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u963f\u7ef4\u68ee\u7eb3\uff08Abu Ali Ibn Sina\uff09\u4e8e980\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728Afchona\u6751\u7684\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u9644\u8fd1\u300217\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u529f\u6cbb\u6108\u4e86\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u7684\u8428\u66fc\u738b\u5b50Nuh ibn Mansur\u3002\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u6cbb\u6108\u4e4b\u4e66\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u533b\u5b66\u6cd5\u5219\u201d\u7b49\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1037\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u8005\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66al-Biruni\u4e8e973\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728Kath\u90ca\u533a\uff0c\u9760\u8fd1\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4c\u5c14\u6839\u5947\u3002\u4ed6\u64b0\u5199\u4e86150\u591a\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5929\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7684\u7740\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
Karakhanides\uff0c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u585e\u5c14\u67f1\u4eba\u548cKhorezm-Persian-Turkish Shahs<\/p>\n
\u571f\u8033\u5176\u738b\u671ddesQarakhanides\uff08\u5361\u62c9\u6c49\uff09\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86Samanids\u5230999\u5e76\u5165\u4fb5Bukhara Samarcande.Cette\u738b\u671d\u57281212\u5e7412\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e86\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u3002\u5728920\u5e74\uff0cSatuq Bughra\u96c6\u4f53\u5c06Karakhanids\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0cGaznavids\u5360\u9886\u4e86Khorassan\u548cKhorezm\u3002 1040\u5e74\uff0c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u90e8\u843d\u9996\u9886\u585e\u5c14\u67f1\u82cf\u4e39\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u52a0\u5179\u7eb3\u7ef4\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u52d2\u65af\u585e\u5c14\u514b\u65af\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u571f\u8033\u5176\u738b\u671d\u57281040\u5e74\u5760\u6bc1\u3002\u5361\u62c9\u6c49\u5361\u62c9\u6c49\u548c\u738b\u56fd\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u738b\u56fd\u548c\u4e1c\u65b9\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u57281042\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u9996\u90fd\u8fc1\u81f3\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4e1c\u90e8\u738b\u56fd\u7531\u5580\u4ec0\u5676\u5c14\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u5728Transoxiana\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Karakhanides\u827a\u672f\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0b\u3002\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16\uff081102-1130\uff09\u5728\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5efa\u9020\u4e86Po-i-Kal\u00e2n\uff08Kalyan\uff09\u5c16\u5854\u3002 1089\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u548c\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u88ab\u585e\u5c14\u67f1\u4eba\u5360\u9886\u3002\u4ece1124\u5e74\u52301218\u5e74\uff0c\u8d39\u5c14\u5e72\u7eb3\u5c71\u8c37\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u88abKara-Khitans\u90e8\u843d\u5360\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n
khorezm\u541b\u4e3bAla-ad-Din Tekech\uff08Takash\uff09\uff081172-1200\uff09\u4e8e1194\u5e74\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u6ce2\u65af\u3002\u4ed6\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u585e\u5c14\u67f1\u738b\u671d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u571f\u8033\u5176\u82cf\u4e39\uff0c\u4ed6\u662fTransoxiane\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5dde\u957fTu\u011frulibnArslan\u3002 khorezm-shah Ala ad -Din Muhammad\u4e8e1212\u5e74\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86Karakhanides\u5dde\u53ca\u5176\u9996\u90fd\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002 Khorezm-shah\u519b\u961f\u63a0\u593a\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u4e09\u5929\u3002 khorezm-shah\u5165\u4fb5\u4e86\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u9886\u571f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0cChorezmchah\u56fd\u662f\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\uff0cTchaghata\u00efdes\u548c\u5df4\u62c9\u65af<\/p>\n
khorezm-shahs\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u591a\u4e45\u3002 1219\u5e74\uff0cSyr Darya\u7684Khorezmian Otrar\u5dde\u957f\u8c0b\u6740\u4e86\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u6d3e\u9063\u7684\u95f4\u8c0d\u5546\u4eba\u3002\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u6d3e\u9063\u8981\u6c42\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5927\u4f7f\u4e5f\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u4e86\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c1220\u5e74\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u548c\u5854\u4ec0\u5e72\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u5bf9\u88ab\u56f4\u56f0\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u65e0\u60c5\u3002\u4ed6\u5c60\u6740\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u5c45\u6c11.Plus 150\u5e74Transoxiane\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5360\u9886mongole.Gengis Khanpartagea\u4ed6\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u56db\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50Tchagatai\uff08Djagatai\uff09\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u662fDjaghatoid\u738b\u671d\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
Tchagata\u00ef\u6c57\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1219\u5e74\u3002\u56fe\u5c14 – \u8499\u53e4\u56fd\u5305\u62ec\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4e9a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7586\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57.Le Khanate\u6709Tchagata\u00ef\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e1229\u5e74\u81f31347\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u534a\u5e74\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0cTchagata\u00efdes\u5dde\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u5373\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u548cMawara’un-Nahr\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c57\u56fd\uff08ulus\uff09\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u4e45\u5750\u4e0d\u52a8\u7684\u3002 1347\u5e74\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u7459\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u914b\u957f\u5361\u624e\u6c49\uff08\u5361\u624e\u6069\uff09\u6697\u6740\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u6c57\uff0c\u5580\u5c71\uff08\u5361\u8d5e\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\uff08\u201c\u5dde\u957f\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5361\u624e\u6c49\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u963f\u535c\u675c\u62c9\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u76f4\u52301360\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u963f\u535c\u675c\u62c9\u88ab\u6697\u6740\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u56fd\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u6e38\u7267\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u88ad\u51fb\u4f7f\u8be5\u56fd\u9677\u5165\u762b\u75ea\u548c\u8d2b\u56f0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u5df4\u62c9\u65af\u7a81\u53a5\u8bed\u8499\u53e4\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u54c8\u5409\u00b7\u5df4\u62c9\u65af\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u638c\u6743\u3002\u5728\u6ce2\u65af\u7684\u54c8\u5409\u5df4\u62c9\u65af\u9003\u8131\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f84\u5b50\u5e16\u6728\u513f\uff08\u5e16\u6728\u513f\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5df4\u62c9\u65af\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1370\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e16\u6728\u513f\uff08\u5e16\u6728\u513f\uff09\u548c\u5e16\u6728\u513f<\/p>\n
\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u6216\u5e16\u6728\u513f\uff081336-1405\uff09\uff0c\u5df4\u62c9\u65af\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u9996\u9886Mokhammad Taragai\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u5728Kesh\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u9644\u8fd1\u7684Chakhrisabz\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6218\u58eb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u827a\u672f\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u7684\u8fdc\u4eb2\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4ed6\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u884c\u8d70\uff0c\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u5e26\u4ed6\u6765\u53c2\u52a0\u6218\u6597\u3002 Timour\u4e0eEmir Qazghan\u7684\u5b59\u5973Aldjai\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u57281360\u5e74\u4ee3\u6210\u4e3aKesh\u7684\u5dde\u957f\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0eQazgan\u7684\u5b59\u5b50Amir Hussein\u7ed3\u76df\u3002 Aldjai\u57281370\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u57281370\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3aMa-wara-al-nahr\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u662f\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4ed6\u590d\u6d3b\u4e86Samarcande\uff0c\u4e8e1220\u5e74\u88ab\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u6467\u6bc1\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e9a\u6d32\uff0c\u4e1c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u65e0\u6570\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u8d22\u5bcc\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u5de5\u5320\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u5b66\u8005\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u4e86\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4ed6\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u5c01\u5efa\u9886\u4e3b\u7684\u4e89\u5435\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u91d1\u5e10\u6c57\u56fd\u7684\u80dc\u5229\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u738b\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u57281395\u5e74\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ece\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u59d0\u592bMir Husayn\u7684\u9057\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df2\u6545\u6c57Qazan\u7684\u5973\u513fSaray Mulk Khanum\u7ed3\u5a5a\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86g\u00fcregen\uff08\u201c\u5973\u5a7f\u201dImperial\uff09\u7684\u5934\u8854\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aBibi Khanoum\uff08\u201c\u6700\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u516c\u4e3b\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u6709\u4e00\u5ea7\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u8fd9\u4f4d\u516c\u4e3b\u7684\u540d\u5b57.Amir Timour\u4e8e1405\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\u5728Otrar\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u5728Syr Daria\u4ed6\u88ab\u57cb\u846c\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u7684Gour Emir\u9675\u5893.Timour\u4f7fSamarcande\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u3002\u5728\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u7684Timour\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5bab\u6bbf\u548c\u82b1\u56ed\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u53d1\u8fbe\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d.Amir Timour\u5728Samarcande\u5468\u56f4\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u6709Forich-Paris\uff0cShiraz\uff0cSultaniya\uff0cBaghdad\uff0cMerv\u7b49\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5916\u4ea4\u662f\u5728\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u548c\u6c99\u9c81\u514b\u65f6\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002 1391\u5e74\uff0c1395\u5e74\uff0c1404\u5e74\u4ee5\u53ca1388\u5e74\uff0c1391\u5e74\uff0c1394\u5e74\uff0c1412\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0cAmir Timour\u547d\u4ee4Jean de Syltanie\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u591a\u7c73\u5c3c\u52a0\u4eba\u524d\u5f80\u70ed\u90a3\u4e9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281398\u5e74\u5230\u8fbe\u90a3\u91cc\u30021401\u5e748\u670817\u65e5\uff0cTimour\u6536\u5230\u67e5\u7406\u516d\u4e16\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u4fe1\u3002\u5728Castile\u7684Henti III\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\uff0cSatamayor\u7684Gomes\u548cHernan Sanchez\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0e\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u4eba\u548c\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u76ee\u7779\u4e861402\u5e74\u6625\u5929\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u548c\u5df4\u4e9a\u6cfd\u7279\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6218\u6597\u3002\u5728\u6218\u6597\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u8482\u59c6\u5c14\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531Muhammad al-Ghazi\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u80c6\u5c0f\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u4f7f\u56e2\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u8fd4\u56de\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a<\/p>\n
\u897f\u5c14\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u57281403\u5e74\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86Timour\u5bf9\u67e5\u7406\u516d\u4e16\u7684\u56de\u4fe1\u3002\u5361\u65af\u8482\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4ea8\u5229\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u8ba1\u5165\u4e86Clavijio\u7684Ruy Gonzales\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e1c\u65b9\u4e4b\u65c5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6210\u540d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4f4d\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u8005\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u6c99\u8d6b\u9c81\u514b\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u5144\u5f1f\u822c\u7684\u4e89\u5435\u3002\u5728Shahroukh\u53ca\u5176\u59bb\u5b50Gawharchadbeguim\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9996\u90fd\u8d6b\u62c9\u7279\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u201d\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\uff0c\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0f\u578b\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u548c\u8bd7\u4eba\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5e87\u62a4\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n
Chaybanides<\/p>\n
Chaybanids\u5c5e\u4e8eDjotchi\u4e4b\u5b50Chayban\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u738b\u671d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u753115,000\u4e2a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u4eca\u7684\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u91d1\u5e10\u6c57\u56fd\u5185\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u7070\u8272\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u5c0f\u6c57\u56fd\uff08ulus\uff09\u3002\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u6c57\uff081282-1342\uff09\u5df2\u7688\u4f9d\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u90e8\u843d\u3002 Khan Abul-Khayr\u4e8e1429\u5e74\u4ee5Ulus Uzbek\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728Tobol\uff0cUral\u548cSyr-Daris\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684Chaybanides\u7684\u6e38\u7267\u90e8\u843d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u201c\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u57281468\u5e74Abul Khayr\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f84\u5b50Muhammad Shaybani\u738b\u5b50\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5144\u5f1fMahmud\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u6c57\u56fd\u3002 Muhammad Shaybani\u57281500\u5e74\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u548c\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u4ed6\u57281507\u5e74\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u5e16\u6728\u513f\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1510\u5e74\u88ab\u6ce2\u65af\u4eba\u6740\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n
Chaybanid\u738b\u671d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5e0c\u74e6\u6c57\u56fd\u3002\u5e0c\u74e6\u6c57\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u52301920\u5e74\u3002\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u5c06\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u5e26\u8d70\u4e24\u6b21;\u4f46\u662f\u57281513\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u83ab\u5367\u513f\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u52301858\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u62c9\u6c57\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\uff0c\u57281540\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u548c\u9a6c\u5fb7\u62c9\u65af\u3002\u5728\u5341\u516d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6c57\u56fd\u4e0e\u4f0a\u6717\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5916\u4ea4\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u572816\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6210\u4e3aMa-wara-al-nahr\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n
1598\u5e74\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u8981\u4eba\u6697\u6740\u4e86Chaybanides\u738b\u671d\u7684Bukhara\u548cSamarkand Abd al-Mumin\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c57\u3002\u963f\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u7f55\u7684\u738b\u671d\uff0cDjanids\uff0cDjotchi\u7684\u540e\u88d4\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u774017\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u7684\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6c57\u56fd\u3002\u5728\u5341\u516d\u548c\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u5efa\u7b51\u548c\u7ed8\u753b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 Kokand\u6c57\u56fd\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u59cb\u4e8e1732\u5e74\u3002\u6839\u636eChakhroukhbiy\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u660e\u671d\u90e8\u843d\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u914b\u957f\u662fKokand\u6c57\u56fd\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5821\u5792Eski Kourgan\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u65b0\u751f\u738b\u5b50\u7684\u7b2c\u5341\u4e2a\u540e\u88d4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u88ab\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u7559\u5728\u8d39\u5c14\u5e72\u7eb3\u5c71\u8c37\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u91d1\u8272\u6447\u7bee\u4e2d\u3002\u90e8\u843d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b83\u3002\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0cKokand Khanate\u5305\u62ecFergana\uff0cNamangan\uff0cAndijan\uff0cTashkent\uff0cKhodjent\uff0cKyrgyzstan\u548cSouth Kazakhstan\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u5308\u7259\u5229\u65c5\u884c\u8005Vambery\u63d0\u5230\uff0cKokand\u5730\u533a\u6bd4\u5e0c\u74e6\uff08Khiva\uff09\u5927\u516d\u500d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5fb7\u9ed1\u5170\uff08Puhran\uff09\u5927\u56db\u500d\uff0c\u662f\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\uff08Bukhara\uff09\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u5728\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u4f0a\u9a6c\u54c8\u62c9\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5c06\u5728\u6c57\u56fd\u53ca\u5176\u9996\u90fd\u7e41\u8363\u660c\u76db\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50Nadirabeguim\u662f\u7740\u540d\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5973\u8bd7\u4eba\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0cKokand\u7684\u6c57\u56fd\u753129 khans\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
B\u00e2bur\u5728Ferghana\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f<\/p>\n
1498\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5965\u9a6c\u5c14\u8c22\u8d6b\u7c73\u5c14\u624e\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u8d39\u5c14\u5e72\u7eb3\u56fd\u738b\u624e\u5e0c\u5c14\u4e01\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u6210\u4e3a\u8d39\u5c14\u5e72\u7eb3\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e1483\u5e74\uff0c\u4e8e1530\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u7531Miran Shah\u548cGenghis Khan\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u5728Amir Timour\u7684\u540e\u88d4\u3002 1497\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e26\u8d70\u4e86\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u53cd\u6297\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5f81\u670d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u6062\u590d\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u6c57\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u6c99\u4f0a\u5df4\u5c3c\u57281501\u5e74\u8ffd\u6355\u4ed6\u30021504\u5e74\uff0c\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u53ca\u5176\u5c11\u6570\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684\u519b\u961f\u8d8a\u8fc7\u5370\u5ea6\u6559 – \u5e93\u4ec0\uff0c\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u5580\u5e03\u5c14\u5e02\u3002\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bcc\u88d5\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u3002 1510\u5e74\uff0c\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u6c99\u4e9a\u5df4\u5c3c\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u4e8e1511\u5e74\u5728\u571f\u5e93\u66fc\u4f0a\u65af\u6885\u5c14\u8428\u6cd5\u7ef4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u593a\u53d6\u4e86\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u57281514\u5e74\uff0c\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u6c57\u5c06\u4ed6\u8d76\u51fa\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u56de\u5230\u5580\u5e03\u5c14\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u5317\u90e8\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u83ab\u5367\u513f\u738b\u671d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u738b\u671d\u7edf\u6cbb\u76f4\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5230\u6765\u3002\u5df4\u5e03\u5c14\u4e8e1530\u5e74\u5728\u963f\u683c\u62c9\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u201d\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u8c6a\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c57<\/p>\n
1512\u5e74\u81f31920\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5883\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c57\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u7684\u6c57\u56fd\uff08\u914b\u957f\u56fd\uff09<\/p>\n
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Djanid\u738b\u671d\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e861599\u5e74\u81f31785\u5e74\u7684\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6c57\u56fd.Djanid\u738b\u671d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u6821\uff0cSherdor\u548cTillakori\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e1646\u5e74\u81f31660\u5e74\u95f4\u6492\u9a6c\u5c14\u7f55\u7684Reg Registan\u5e7f\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce2\u65af\u56fd\u738b\u7eb3\u8fea\u5c14\u00b7\u6c99\u963f\u4e8e1785\u5e74\u5165\u4fb5\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u6c57\u56fd\u3002\u6c57\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u914b\u957f\u56fd\u201d\u30021868\u5e74\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u914b\u957f\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n
Kokand Khanat<\/p>\n
Kokand Khanate\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u4e1c\u90e8Fergana\u5c71\u8c37\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u5e26\u3002\u5b83\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e1709\u5e74\u81f31876\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u5854\u5409\u514b\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u65af\u5766\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u571f\u5730\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e1c\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u548c\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65cf\u6e38\u7267\u90e8\u843d\u662f\u5176\u9644\u5eb8\u3002\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u5854\u4ec0\u5e72\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u56fd\u738b\u6c57\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002 1876\u5e74\uff0c\u79d1\u574e\u5fb7\u88ab\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u519b\u961f\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u4e0b<\/p>\n
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\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u6c11\u906d\u53d7\u66b4\u653f\u3002\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u538b\u8feb\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u8d39\u5c14\u5e72\u7eb3\u4e8e1885\u5e74\u53cd\u6297\uff0c1892\u5e74\u53cd\u6297\u5854\u4ec0\u5e72\uff0c1898\u5e74\u53cd\u6297\u5b89\u96c6\u5ef6\u3002\u4e2d\u4e9a\u4eba\u6c11\u6ca1\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u3002 1898\u5e74\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4Mukhammadali Echon\u6307\u6325\u4e86\u5b89\u96c6\u5ef6\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u8fd9\u573a\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u6467\u6bc1\u4e86\u6751\u5e84\u3002 Mukhammadali Echon\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u5728\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u88ab\u7ede\u6b7b\u4e86362\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\u68c9\u82b1\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u5206\u914d\u3002 1916\u5e74<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e1c\u90e8\u6218\u7ebf\u4e0a\u52a8\u5458\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5728\u975e\u6218\u6597\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u5f81\u5175\u6cd5\u4ee4\u6210\u4e3a\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u53db\u4e71\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u8d77\u4e49\u906d\u5230\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u7684\u4e25\u5389\u627c\u6740\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4eba\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u5b9a\u5c45\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u4e2d\u4e9a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u9152\u5e97\uff0c\u5267\u9662\uff0c\u7167\u660e\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u548c\u94c1\u8def\u7684\u51fa\u73b0<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n
1917\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5728\u6279\u8bc4\u6c99\u7687\u7684\u9547\u538b\u548c\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u81ea\u51b3\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u82cf\u533a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u65e9\u57281917\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u5de5\u4f1a\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u4e8e1917\u5e7411\u67087\u65e5\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u593a\u53d6\u653f\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4f1a\u4e8e11\u670815\u65e5\u81f322\u65e5\u4e3e\u884c\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7ec4\u5efa\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u804c\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u653f\u53d8\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u4e2d\u4e9a\u5404\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7075\u611f\u3002 1917\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u751f\u5728Kokand\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8be5\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u6743\u529b\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u897f\u5316\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dde\u5b58\u5728\u4e8672\u5929\u3002 2\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u7ea2\u519b\u5728\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u7c89\u788e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u6355\u83b7\u57ce\u5e02\u540e\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc714,000\u540dKokands\u88ab\u6d88\u706d\u3002\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u4e8e1918\u5e744\u670820\u65e5\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff08TASS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5dde\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u634d\u536b\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5b83\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u57ce\u9547\u906d\u53d7\u9965\u997f\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5f81\u7528\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u725b\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u548c\u6ce5\u571f\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba8\u538c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u3002\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5f81\u7528\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u725b\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u548c\u6ce5\u571f\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201cBasmatchi\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u201dKichik Ergach\uff0cKatta Ergach\uff0cMadaminbek\uff0cChermukhammadbek\uff0cXolxoja echon\uff0cOmon polvon\uff0cRakhmonkoul Toychi\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u618e\u6068\u3002 Aliyor\u662fFerghana\u7684\u201cbasmatchi\u201d\uff08\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5f3a\u76d7\uff09\u53db\u4e71\u7684\u9996\u9886\u3002 Ferghana\u7684basmatchi\u603b\u6570\u8d85\u8fc724ooo\u4eba\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u63a0\u593a\uff0c\u7edf\u6cbb\u6050\u6016\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u89e3\u653e\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u662f\u5728\u201cbasmatchi\u201d\uff08\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u7684\u5f3a\u76d7\uff09\u7684\u53cd\u53db\u7684\u5934\u3002\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u7684Emir Alim Khan\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u5723\u6218\u201d\u3002 1920\u5e74\uff0cFrounze\u593a\u53d6\u4e86Bukhara\u548cKhiva\u3002\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u9003\u5230\u4e86\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u3002 1920\u5e7410\u6708\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u3002\u5965\u65af\u66fc\u5e1d\u56fd\u524d\u6218\u4e89\u90e8\u957fEnver Pasha\u662f\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u201cbasmatchi\u201d\u53db\u4e71\u7684\u9996\u9886\u3002\u5728Enver Pachales\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0cbasmatchis\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u76f4\u5230\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u7ea2\u519b\u538b\u57ae\u4e86\u3002 1922\u5e74\uff0cEnver Pasha\u5728\u5e15\u7c73\u5c14\u5c71\u533a\u624b\u6301\u6b66\u5668\u3002 1923\u5e74\uff0c\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u88ab\u6539\u9020\u6210\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u3002 1923\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684Khorezm\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u5f81\u7528\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u725b\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u548c\u6ce5\u571f\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba8\u538c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u3002 1924\u5e74\uff0cKhorezm\u8d77\u6765\u53cd\u5bf9\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u3002\u4f46\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u8fd9\u573a\u53db\u4e71\u3002\u76f4\u52301940\u5e74\uff0c\u201cbasmatchi\u201d\u8fd0\u52a8\u624d\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4eba\u4f5c\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u4eba\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u3002\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u997f\u4e86\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u65af\u5927\u6797\u64cd\u7eb5\u7684\u9965\u8352\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u515a\u6d3e\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/p>\n
1924\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u8fb9\u5883\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e13\u5458\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u3002 1924\u5e7410\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5305\u62ec\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u5e03\u54c8\u62c9\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u548c\u5854\u970d\u514b\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u548c\u56fdKhorezm\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5854\u5409\u514b\u65af\u5766\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e8e1929\u5e74\u6210\u4e3a\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u5361\u62c9\u5361\u5c14\u5e15\u514b\u81ea\u6cbb\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e8e1936\u5e74\u4e0e\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u8054\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n
\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u4e3a\u6539\u9769\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u7ef4\u62a4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u5bf91991\u5e74\u7ef4\u62a4\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u56de\u7b54\u201c\u662f\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
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